长江水系鲢和草鱼遗传结构及变异性的RAPD研究

张四明, 邓怀, 汪登强, 余来宁

张四明, 邓怀, 汪登强, 余来宁. 长江水系鲢和草鱼遗传结构及变异性的RAPD研究[J]. 水生生物学报, 2001, 25(4): 324-330.
引用本文: 张四明, 邓怀, 汪登强, 余来宁. 长江水系鲢和草鱼遗传结构及变异性的RAPD研究[J]. 水生生物学报, 2001, 25(4): 324-330.
ZHANG Si-ming, DENG Huai, WANG Deng-qiang, YU Lai-ning. POPULATION STRUCTURE AND GENETIC DIVERSITY OF SILVER CARP AND GRASS CARP FROM POPULATIONS OF YANGTZERIVER SYSTEM REVEALED BY RAPD[J]. ACTA HYDROBIOLOGICA SINICA, 2001, 25(4): 324-330.
Citation: ZHANG Si-ming, DENG Huai, WANG Deng-qiang, YU Lai-ning. POPULATION STRUCTURE AND GENETIC DIVERSITY OF SILVER CARP AND GRASS CARP FROM POPULATIONS OF YANGTZERIVER SYSTEM REVEALED BY RAPD[J]. ACTA HYDROBIOLOGICA SINICA, 2001, 25(4): 324-330.

长江水系鲢和草鱼遗传结构及变异性的RAPD研究

基金项目: 

国家“九五”科技攻关项目(96-08-01-03-01)

POPULATION STRUCTURE AND GENETIC DIVERSITY OF SILVER CARP AND GRASS CARP FROM POPULATIONS OF YANGTZERIVER SYSTEM REVEALED BY RAPD

  • 摘要: 采用随机扩增多态性DNA(RAPD)技术对长江中游的湖北嘉鱼与江西瑞昌两个地理群体和中游的汉江和湘江两大水系的鲢和草鱼的群体进行了遗传学研究.发现长江水系鲢的遗传变异要高于草鱼,与现今生物量成反比的反常现象.鲢遗传多样性从大到小的分布是嘉鱼→湘江→瑞昌→汉江.草鱼遗传多样性从大到小的分布是瑞昌→汉江→湘江→嘉鱼,鲢和草鱼的遗传多样性地理分布并不一致.遗传分化指数Gst分别为123%和175%,表明鲢和草鱼的四个地理群体的遗传分化度较低,可能与地理位置较近和基因交流频繁有关.
    Abstract: Silver carp(Hypophthalmichthys molitrix Cuvier et Valenciennes)and grass carp(Ctenopharyngodon idellus Cuvier ct Valenciennes)are the most important farmed fishes in China. The seedlings of said species for aquaculture have came directly and indirectly from the Yangtze River because germplasm resources of silver carp and grass carp in this river is superior to those of other rivers. Therefore. genetic resources of silver carp and grass carp in the Yangtze River play a very important role in fisherics development in China in the long run. In present study, using RAPD(random amplified polymorphic DNA)technique we analyzed four populations. Two of them. namely, Jia-yu and Rui-chang which are from the middle reaches of Yangtze River, and the other two populations. namely, Han River and Xiang River which are from two branches of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River. Generally, genetic diversity in silver carp is higher than that of grass carp, but biomass of grass carp is higher than that of silver carp in the Yangtze River. The genetic diversity and biomass have negative relation, which is not consistent with most cases. The genetic diversity from highest to lowest in populations of silver carp is Jia-yu, Xiang River, Rui-chang and Han River population whereas in grass carp the genetic diversity from highest to lowest is Rui-chang. Han River. Xiang River and Jia-yu population. The population relationships of two specics are not consistent with each other. Gst for silver carp and grass carp is 12.3% and 17.5%, respectively, which indicated that genetic differentiation among populations in said two species is low. The reason for low genetic differentiation and population relationship may be due to sampling location, which are close to each other. The other reason may be due to frequent gene flow among populations.
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    李思发.长江、珠江、黑龙江鲢、鳙、草鱼种质资源的研究[M].上海;上海科学技术出版社,1990[2] 赵金良,李思发.长江干流中下游鲢、鳙、草鱼、青鱼原种种群分化的同工酶分析[J].水产学报,1996 20(2):104—110[3] 吴力钊,王祖熊.草鱼同功酶基因座位多态性研究[J].水生生物学报,1988,12(2);116—124[4] 吴力钊,王祖熊.长江中游草鱼天然群体种群的生化遗传结构和变异[J].遗传学报,1992,19(3);221—227[5] 吴力钊,王祖熊.长江中游白鲢天然群体种群的生化遗传和结构变异[J].水生生物学报,1997,21(2);157—162[6] Lu G Q,Li S F.Bernatchez L.Mitochondrial DNA diversity,population structure,and conservation genetics of four native carps within the Yangtze River,China[J].Can.J.Fish.Aquatic.Sci.1997,54:47—58[7] Lynch M.The similarity index and DNA fingerprinting[J].Mol Biol Evol.,1990,7:478—484[8] Wachira F N et al.Detection of genetic diversity in tea(Camellia sinensis)using RAPD markers[J].Genome.1995,138:201—210[9] 章怀云.草鱼和鲤群体遗传变异的RAPD研究[J].水生生物学报,1998,22(2);168—173

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出版历程
  • 收稿日期:  1999-12-09
  • 修回日期:  2000-08-11
  • 发布日期:  2001-07-24

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