三角帆蚌内脏团不同插核部位对机体生理代谢的影响
THE EFFECT OF DIFFERENT INSETTING-NUCLEUS LOCATIONS ON BODY PHYSIOLOGICAL METABOLISM IN VISCERAL MASS OF HYRIOPSIS CUMINGII
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摘要: 研究旨在探明内脏团不同插核部位对三角帆蚌机体生理代谢的影响。试验选取2龄三角帆蚌180只，随机分成5个实验组和1个对照组，实验组按内脏团5个部位（Ⅰ. 斧足内脏团前端；Ⅱ. 斧足内脏团中部；Ⅲ. 近生殖腺部；Ⅳ. 近胃部；Ⅴ. 近肾部）进行插核，并分别在插核后第5、10、20、50天（thd）采集蚌体淋巴血样，检测机体的尿酸及肝、肾生理指标的变化，以及插核对珍珠质沉积相关的钙含量和碱性磷酸酶活力的影响。结果表明：（1）与对照组相比，插核手术处理的蚌体与对照组机体生理指标有显著差异（P0.05）。（2） 5个插核组试验蚌术后520thd尿酸含量显著高于50thd时（P0.05），且Ⅴ组尿酸含量在1050thd显著高于其余各组。（3）各插核组尿素氮、肌酐含量5thd时均显著高于50thd （P0.05），其中Ⅰ、Ⅲ组2050thd无显著变化，Ⅴ组的尿素氮含量除5thd外，其余各个时期均显著高于其他各组（P0.05）。（4）Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组谷丙和谷草转氨酶活性在20thd前均显著低于50thd时（P0.05），Ⅳ 组谷丙和谷草转氨酶活力除了10thd外，均显著高于其余插核组，Ⅴ组的谷丙和谷草转氨酶活力，在20thd之后均仅次于Ⅳ组，并显著高于Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组。（5）Ⅰ组插核后10thd血液钙含量显著低于5thd时，1050thd间无显著变化；Ⅱ、Ⅲ组血液钙含量变化呈先增大后降低的趋势，在20thd达到峰值；Ⅳ组血液钙含量随着试验期的延长显著降低，Ⅴ组血液钙含量10、50thd时显著高于其余4组。Ⅱ、Ⅲ组碱性磷酸酶活力无显著变化，Ⅰ、Ⅳ组显著降低（P0.05），而Ⅴ组在520thd显著升高，2050thd显著降低，20thd时出现峰值。研究结果显示，三角帆蚌内脏团插核后20d内机体各生理指标显著变化，之后趋于稳定，表明其术后20d可能是机体损伤的修复和功能恢复以及钙性磷酸酶含量逐步稳定的关键时期。Abstract: To ascertain the effect of different inserting-nucleus locations in viscera mass on body damage in Hyriopsis cuming, a 50d trial was carried out on six groups. The six groups were randomly divided into one control group and five experimental groups according to the five locations in viscera mass (Ⅰ: the front end of axe foot visceral mass; Ⅱ: the central of axe foot visceral group; Ⅲ: nearly gonad department; Ⅳ: nearly stomach; Ⅴ: nearly kidney) to insert nucleus. The lymphatic blood samples were extracted respectively from closed shell muscle nucleus at 5d, 10d, 20d and 50d (thd) after inserting-nucleus to detect uric acid (UA) and physiological indexes of liver and kidney, and to clarify the influence of calcium content and alkaline phosphatase (AKP) activity about nacre deposition. Our results indicated: (1) Compared with the control group, the physiologic index of experimental group showed significant differences (P0.05). (2) The UA levels at 50thd of five inserting-nucleus groups were markedly lower than that of the other time groups, and UA of Ⅴ group was significantly higher than that of the other experimental groups during 10thd to 50thd. (3) The levels of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and blood urine creatinine (Cr) of five experimental groups at 5thd were markedly higher than those at the 50thd (P0.05). There into, the levels of Ⅰand Ⅲ groups showed no significant difference during 20thd to 50thd, the BUN levels of Ⅴ group were significantly higher than those of the other groups during experiment period except for the 5thd (P0.05). (4) The activities of glutamicoxaloacetic transaminase (AST) and glutamate alanine aminotransferase (ALT) of the Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ groups from 5thd to 20thd were markedly lower than that at the 50thd (P0.05), the ALT and AST activities of Ⅳ group were significantly higher than that of the other groups during experiment period except for the 10thd. The AST and ALT activities were significantly higher than that of Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ groups and were the highest after Ⅳ group from 20thd to 50thd. (5) Blood calcium content (Ga) ofⅠgroup at 10thd was significantly lower than that at 5thd, and no significant difference after 10thd. In Ⅱ, Ⅲ groups, the Ga increased firstly and then decreased, which reached to the peak at the 20thd. The Ga of Ⅳ group had a decreasing trend with experimental period, the level of Ⅴ group was significantly higher than that of the other four groups at 1050thd (P0.05). AKP activities showed no significant difference in Ⅱ, Ⅲ groups, but decreased significantly inⅠ and Ⅳ groups (P0.05). The AKP activity of Ⅴ group reached the peak at 20thd. The present study showed the body physiological index was significantly changed before 20d of inserting-nucleus in visceral mass of Hyriopsis cuming, and then the value kept stable. This result indicated that the 20 days may be a critical period for repair of body damage, kidney, and liver function recovery, and the gradual stabilization of the calcium content. Our study provided theory basis for fresh-water pearl cultivation in the visceral mass of Hyriopsis cumingii.
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