饲料缬氨酸水平对军曹鱼鱼体脂肪含量、血浆生化指标和肝脏脂肪代 谢基因表达的影响
The effects of valine level on plasma biochemical indexes, lipid content and gene expression involved in lipid metabolism in cobia (Rachycentron canadum)
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摘要: 实验旨在研究饲料缬氨酸水平对军曹鱼(Rachycentron canadum)[初始体质量为(40.90.8) g]鱼体脂肪含量、血浆生化指标和肝脏脂肪代谢基因表达的影响。在基础饲料中梯度添加晶体缬氨酸, 配制出缬氨酸含量分别为1.26% (缺乏组)、2.21% (适量组)和2.62% (过量组)3种等氮等脂饲料, 饲喂养殖在海水浮式网箱的军曹鱼10周, 每天饱食投喂2次。结果表明, 缬氨酸缺乏组的军曹鱼鱼体和肌肉脂肪含量显著低于缬氨酸适量组和过量组(P0.05)。肝脏脂肪含量随着饲料中缬氨酸含量从1.26%升高到2.21%而显著升高(P0.05), 然后随之而逐渐下降(P0.05)。军曹鱼血浆总蛋白和总胆固醇含量在缬氨酸缺乏饲料组显著低于其他各处理组(P0.05)。饲料缬氨酸水平对军曹鱼血浆谷草转氨酶和谷丙转氨酶均无显著影响(P0.05)。军曹鱼肝脏固醇调节元件结合蛋白-1 (sterol regulatory element binding protein-1, SREBP-1)基因表达水平和肝脏脂肪酸合成酶(FAS)表达量, 均随着饲料缬氨酸水平增加而显著升高(P0.05)。军曹鱼肝脏过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体(peroxisome proliferator activated receptor, PPAR)表达量在缬氨酸适量组, 显著低于过量组(P0.05), 而与缺乏组差异不显著(P0.05)。而随着缬氨酸含量升高, 肉毒碱棕榈酰转移酶-1 (CPT-1, Carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1)表达量逐渐下降(P0.05)。总之, 饲料缺乏缬氨酸可减少军曹鱼鱼体脂肪积累。饲料中缬氨酸水平对军曹鱼鱼体脂肪沉积的影响, 可能是通过调控脂肪合成和-氧化相关基因表达而实现的。Abstract: The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary valine on plasma biochemical indexes, lipid content and gene expression involved in lipid metabolism in cobia (Rachycentron canadum). Fish [mean initial weight, (40.90.8) g] were fed with soybean meal based on diets with graded levels of valine (1.26%, 2.21% and 2.62%) for 10 weeks. Results showed that lipid content of the whole body and muscle of fish fed the diet with deficient valine (1.26%) was significantly lower than that fish fed the moderate (2.21%) and excess (3.23%) valine treatment groups (P0.05). Plasma total protein (TP) fish increased significantly as dietary valine increased from 1.26% to 2.21% (P0.05), and kept relatively constant when dietary valine level was above 2.21% (P0.05). Plasma total cholesterol (TC) and the lipid content of liver increased with dietary valine increasing from 1.26 % to 2.21% (P0.05), but decreased with higher levels of dietary valine (2.21% to 2.62%) (P0.05). Hepatic mRNA levels of lipid synthesis related genes (SREBP-1, and FAS) were significantly up-regulated in fish fed the diet with moderate level of valine (2.21%) (P0.05), while hepatic mRNA transcriptional levels PPAR were significantly elevated in fish fed the diet with high level of valine (P0.05). Overall, results of this study suggested that valine deficiency could decrease lipid content and inhibit expressions of some lipid synthesis related genes of cobia. This may contribute to understanding the mechanisms related to the physiological effects of dietary valine in cobia.
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Keywords:
- Cobia /
- Valine /
- lipid content /
- Plasma biochemical indexes /
- Lipid metabolism
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