温度和盐度突变对菲律宾蛤仔斑马蛤耗氧率和排氨率的影响

COMPARISON STUDY ON THE EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE AND SALINITY ON OXYGEN CONSUMPTION AND AMMONIA EXCRETION IN ZEBRA STRAIN AND WILD RUDITAPES PHILIPPINARUM

  • 摘要: 为研究温度和盐度对蛤仔新品种斑马蛤耗氧排氨的影响,以野生蛤仔为对照,实验设置15、20、25、30和35℃五个温度梯度和20、25、30、35和40五个盐度梯度,结果表明:温度和盐度对斑马蛤的耗氧率和排氨率影响显著(P < 0.05)。在温度15-35℃内,随着温度的增加,耗氧率和排氨率整体上呈增加的趋势。在20-40盐度内,耗氧率随着盐度的升高先减少后增加,排氨率随着盐度的升高先增加后减少,在盐度为30时达到最高值。在水温为15℃,盐度20-40内,斑马蛤的O:N为9.534-62.008;在盐度为35,水温在15-35℃内,斑马蛤的O:N是20.700-74.138。与野生蛤仔比较,斑马蛤的耐高温能力要强于野生蛤仔,从Q10的变化反映出斑马蛤对温度的敏感性相对较弱,适应温度变化的能力比较强;斑马蛤的耐低盐和耐高盐能力强于野生蛤仔。研究结果为进一步完善蛤仔斑马蛤的人工养殖技术提供参考。

     

    Abstract: Temperature and salinity are two main factors affecting the metabolism of aquatic biological activity, and these environmental factors vary seasonally (e.g., high temperatures in summer and increased rainfall during the rainy season). This study investigated the effects of temperature and salinity on oxygen consumption rate and ammonia excretion of the zebra strain of the Manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum. The experimental conditions included a temperature gradient (15, 20, 25, 30, and 35℃) and a salinity gradient (20, 25, 30, 35, and 40). The results showed that temperature and salinity had a significant effect on oxygen consumption and ammonia excretion rates in this strain (P < 0.05). Higher temperature increased oxygen consumption and ammonia excretion. Oxygen consumption decreased first and then increased with increased salinity, whereas ammonia excretion increased first and then decreased. At 15℃, the O:N ratio ranged from 9.534 to 62.008 while salinity increased from 20 to 40. At salinity 35, the O:N ratio ranged from 20.700 to 74.138 while temperature increased from 15 to 35℃.

     

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