Abstract: To investigate the temperature tolerance of Schizothorax waltoni with 3 different size, the temperature was increased or decreased by 1℃ every four hours and then balance for 3 hours, until all fish died or the water temperature dropped to 0. The results showed that the highest temperature of large size (100.93±13.12) g and (19.71±1.04) cm, medium size (15.11±5.03) g and (10.05±1.19) cm, small size (1.37±0.32) g and (4.51±0.35) cm of Schizothorax waltoni were 30℃, 30℃ and 33℃ respectively and the lowest temperature was 0 for all 3 groups with all fish can survive. The temperature tolerance amplitude were 30℃, 30℃ and 33℃ respectively; the breathing rate of Schizothorax waltoni were different in the different temperatures, and the breathing rate of different sizes of Schizothorax waltoni were significantly different (P<0.05). Therefore, it is suitable for the large-scale breeding of Schizothorax waltoni in areas with high altitude and temperature variation and the small size of Schizothorax waltoni should be farmed in the greenhouses to guarantee the high survival rate and normal growth.