虹鳟幼鱼对不同淀粉的利用

DIFFERENT EFFECTS OF VARIOUS DIETARY STARCHES ON THE GROWTH AND METABOLISM OF RAINBOW TROUT JUVENILES

  • 摘要: 试验旨在考察不同淀粉种类对虹鳟(Oncorhynchus mykiss)幼鱼生长性能、血清生化指标、肝脏糖代谢酶、肝脏组织学和摄食后血糖含量的影响。选用木薯淀粉、小麦淀粉、豌豆淀粉和玉米淀粉为淀粉源, 设置相同的淀粉水平(15%), 配制4组等氮等脂饲料, 饲喂初始体重(7.7±0.1) g的虹鳟56d。结果表明, 木薯淀粉组增重率最高(1049.3%), 饲料系数最低(0.83)。各组脏体比、肝体比、全鱼和肝脏常规组成无显著差异(P>0.05); 豌豆淀粉组肝糖原含量显著低于其他组(P<0.05)。各组血清甘油三酯、总胆固醇、谷草转氨酶和谷丙转氨酶无显著差异(P>0.05)。木薯淀粉组和小麦淀粉组肝脏己糖激酶活性显著高于豌豆淀粉组和玉米淀粉组(P<0.05), 玉米淀粉组肝脏磷酸果糖激酶活性显著低于木薯淀粉组和小麦淀粉组(P<0.05)。摄食后, 各组的血糖含量均在7h达到最高, 木薯淀粉组在摄食后1—7h内的血糖含量显著高于其余3组(P<0.05)。各组的肝脏组织形态无显著差异。综上, 木薯淀粉较其他3种淀粉更适宜作为虹鳟饲料的淀粉源。

     

    Abstract: To investigate the effects of various starches on the growth, serum biochemical indices, and metabolism of rainbow trout juveniles, cassava starch, wheat starch, pea starch and corn starch were included in diets at the same level of 15% to form four isonitrogenous and isolipidic diets to feed rainbow trout with an initial body weight of (7.7±0.1) g for 56 days. The results showed that the cassava starch group had the highest weight gain (1049.3%) and the lowest feed coefficient ratio (0.83). There were no significant difference in viscera-body ratio, liver-body ratio, and proximate composition of whole body and liver among all the groups (P>0.05). The liver glycogen content of pea starch group was significantly lower than that of other groups (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in serum triglycerides, total cholesterol, aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase activity among all the groups (P>0.05). The liver hexokinase activity of cassava starch and wheat starch groups was significantly higher than that of pea starch and corn starch groups (P<0.05), and the liver phosphofructokinase activity in corn starch group was significantly lower than that in cassava starch and wheat starch groups (P<0.05). Serum glucose content reached to the highest value at the 7th hour in all groups, and cassava starch group showed significantly higher serum glucose content than the other three groups from the 1h to 7h (P<0.05). No significant difference in liver tissue morphology was observed among all the groups. In conclusion, cassava starch is a suitable starch source for rainbow trout juveniles.

     

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