饲料中虾青素对凡纳滨对虾雌虾肝胰腺脂代谢和卵巢发育的影响

DIETARY ASTAXANTHIN ON HEPATOPANCREAS LIPID METABOLISM AND OVARIAN DEVELOPMENT OF FEMALE LITOPENAEUS VANNAMEI

  • 摘要: 研究旨在探讨不同虾青素水平对凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)雌虾肝胰腺脂代谢和卵巢发育的影响。实验设计了4种不同虾青素含量(0、40、80和120 mg/kg)的等氮等能饲料, 并进行了30d的投喂试验。结果显示, 与对照组相比, 80 mg/kg组显著提高雌虾增重率、性腺指数和平均产卵量(P<0.05), 而在120 mg/kg组中无显著影响(P>0.05), 并伴有肝胰腺萎缩现象。添加80 mg/kg虾青素能显著增加T-AOC活性和T-SOD含量(P<0.05), 提高雌虾抗氧化能力。添加80 mg/kg虾青素还能显著降低肝胰腺中SFA的含量(P<0.05), 显著提高MUFA、EPA和ARA的含量(P<0.05), 降低雌虾肝胰腺中fassrebp1的表达(P<0.05), 并提高fabp1fatp的表达(P<0.05)。通过对卵巢组织进行转录组分析发现, 差异表达基因主要涉及“类固醇激素合成”“甘油磷脂代谢”“谷胱甘肽代谢”等途径。此外, 与对照组相比, 80 mg/kg组在glspla2mfe等氨基酸代谢和类固醇激素合成相关基因表达量显著上调(P<0.05), 而在120 mg/kg组显著下调(P<0.05)。综上所述, 研究表明, 在凡纳滨对虾雌虾饲料中添加80 mg/kg虾青素, 能减少脂肪酸合成和沉积, 促进脂肪酸的吸收转运; 更能够促进雌虾性腺发育及相关基因表达, 提高雌虾繁殖性能。

     

    Abstract: This study aimed to investigate the effects of different levels of astaxanthin on the lipid metabolism and ovarian development of famale Litopenaeus vannamei. Four diets with different concentrations of astaxanthin (0, 40, 80 and 120 mg/kg) were formulated to provide equal amounts of nitrogen and energy, and a feeding trial was conducted for 30d. Results showed that the 80 mg/kg group exhibited significantly higher weight gain, gonadosomatic index, and average egg production compared to the control group (P<0.05), however, the 120 mg/kg group had no significantly effect (P>0.05) and exhibited hepatopancreatic atrophy. Supplementing the diet with 80 mg/kg astaxanthin increased the activity of T-AOC and the of content T-SOD, thereby enhancing the antioxidant capacity of female shrimp. Moreover, the addition of 80 mg/kg astaxanthin reduced the content of SFA in the hepatopancreas while increasing the content of MUFA, EPA, and ARA. It also decreased the expression of fas and srebp1, and increased the expression of fabp1 and fatp in the hepatopancreas (P<0.05). Transcriptome analysis of the ovarian tissue revealed that differentially expressed genes were mainly involved in pathways related to “steroid hormone synthesis”“glycerophospholipid metabolism” and “glutathione metabolism”. Moreover, compared to the control group, the 80 mg/kg group exhibited significantly upregulated expression of genes invloved in amino acid metabolism and steroid hormone synthesis, such as gls, pla2, and mfe (P<0.05), while the 120 mg/kg group had significantly downregulated expression (P<0.05). In conclusion, this study demonstrated that adding 80 mg/kg of astaxanthin to the diet of female Litopenaeus vannamei can reduce fatty acid synthesis and deposition, promote fatty acid absorption and transport, and improve ovarian development and related gene expression, thereby enhancing reproductive performance of female shrimp.

     

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