水体富营养化对大型底栖动物群落结构及多样性的影响
THE INFLUENCE OF EUTROPHYCATION UPON COMMUNITY STRUCTURE AND BIODIVERSITY OF MACROZOOBENTHOS
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摘要: 在武汉东湖营养水平不同的四个湖区,对大型底栖动物的群落结构和物种多样性进行周年研究.大型底栖动物的物种多样性与营养水平呈相反趋势,富营养化导致多样性明显降低.研究还表明,霍甫水丝蚓的密度与水体营养水平呈正相关系,在超富营养水体中其密度最高,年平均3502ind./m2,最高可达10524ind./m2,这与其能忍受由于富营养导致的低氧环境有关;而在中营养水体中平均密度仅27ind./m2.首次讨论了中国长足摇蚊与水体营养水平的关系,研究结果显示,中国长足摇蚊应属超富营养水体的指示种,但其耐受性较霍甫水丝蚓差.Abstract: Comparative studies on community structure and biodiversity of macrozoobenthos were carried out in four lake areas with different trophic levels(mesotrophic, eutrophic and hypertrophic)in Lake Donghu. The results show that the higher the trophic level of the lake water is, the lower the species diversity(measured as K-dominant curves, diversity index and species number)of macrozoobenthos. The density of Limnodrilus Hoffmeisteri Claper閐e was positively correlated with the trophic level of the lake water, which was due mainly to its ability to tolerate low dissolved oxygen from eutrophication. The relation between Tanypus chinensis Wang and the trophic level of the lake water is firstly discussed, and the present study shows that T. chinensis is one of indicators of hypertrophication, however, it is less endurable to eutrophication than L. hoffmeisteri.
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Keywords:
- Macrozooenthos /
- Eutrophication /
- Species diversity /
- Biodiversity index
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