COMPARATIVE STUDY OF METABOLIC CHARACTERISTICS AND SWIMMING PERFORMANCE BETWEEN BRACHYMYSTAX TSINLINGENSIS AND PHOXINUS LAGOWSKII
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摘要:
为探究秦岭细鳞鲑(Brachymystax tsinlingensis)与其主要猎物鱼拉氏鱥(Phoxinus lagowskii)游泳能力的种间差异及其生理机制, 采用鱼类游泳代谢仪, 分别测定了两种实验鱼野生种群有氧运动能力[步法转换速度Gait transition speed (Ugait)和临界游泳速度Critical swimming speed (Ucrit)]、无氧运动能力[匀加速游泳速度Constant acceleration test speed (Ucat)]、静止代谢率(Resting metabolic rate, RMR)、最大代谢率(Maximum metabolic rate, MMR)、有氧代谢空间(Aerobic metabolic scope, MS)、运动耗氧率以及单位距离运动能耗(Energetic cost of transport, COT)等。结果表明: (1)秦岭细鳞鲑Ucrit和Ucat高于拉氏鱥(P<0.05), 但二者rUgait、rUcrit和rUcat差异不显著(P>0.05); (2)秦岭细鳞鲑RMR、MMR、MS等代谢特征均显著高于拉氏鱥(P<0.05), 并且特定流速下秦岭细鳞鲑运动耗氧率以及COT高于拉氏鱥; (3)秦岭细鳞鲑Ucrit与MS和MMR呈现出显著正相关或正相关的趋势, 拉氏鱥Ucrit与其MS和MMR均无显著相关性(P>0.05)。研究结果提示, 整体上秦岭细鳞鲑与拉氏鱥的相对游泳能力相近, 但秦岭细鳞鲑的游泳效率更低; 秦岭细鳞鲑的代谢潜能更大, 代谢潜能是维持其运动表现的重要动力。
Abstract:Qinling lenok Brachymystax tsinlingensis, a threatened salmonid species endemic to the Qinling Mountain Range, is a second-class state-protected wild animal in China Red Data Book of Endangered Animals. This species is landlocked and adapted to cold-water environments, specifically occurring in Qinling streams together with Phoxinus lagowskii. In order to explore the interspecific differences in swimming performance and metabolic characteristics between B. tsinlingensis and their main prey fish P. lagowskii, the anaerobic exercise ability (i.e., constant acceleration test speed, Ucat), aerobic exercise ability (i.e., gait transition speed, Ugait and critical swimming speed, Ucrit), resting metabolic rate (RMR), maximum metabolic rate (MMR), aerobic metabolic scope (MS), and the energetic cost of transport (COT) of wild populations of both species were measured using a Brett-type swimming tunnel respirometer. The results showed that: (1) the Ucrit and Ucat of B. tsinlingensis were higher than those of P. lagowskii (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference in the relative swimming abilities (including rUgait, rUcrit and rUcat) between the two species (P>0.05). (2) The RMR, MMR, and MS of B. tsinlingensis were significantly higher than those of P. lagowskii (P<0.05). Morover, both the oxygen consumption rate and COT at a specific swimming speed were higher than those of P. lagowskii. (3) The Ucrit of B. tsinlingensis showed a significant positive correlation or a trend of positive correlation with MS and MMR, while the Ucrit of P. lagowskii was not correlated with either MS or MMR (P>0.05). The results suggest that the relative swimming performance of B. tsinlingensis is similar to that of P. lagowskii, whereas the swimming efficiency of B. tsinlingensis is lower. On the other hand, B. tsinlingensis have greater metabolic potential, which is an important driving force for supporting their swimming performance. These findings are expected to provide a theoretical reference for studying the conservation physiology of B. tsinlingensis and understanding the dynamics of interspecific relationships in Qinling stream ecosystems.
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图 1 秦岭细鳞鲑与拉氏鱥游泳能力的比较
Ucrit . 临界游泳速度; Ugait. 步法转换速度; Ucat. 匀加速游泳速度; rUcrit. 相对临界游泳速度; rUgait. 相对步法转换速度; rUcat. 相对匀加速游泳速度a—b, x—y上标字母不同分布表示两物种Ucrit和Ucat种间差异显著
Figure 1. Comparison of swimming performance between Brachymystax tsinlingensis and Phoxinus lagowskii
Ucrit. Critical swimming speed; Ugait. Gait transition speed; Ucat. Constant acceleration test speed; rUcrit. Relative critical swimming speed; rUgait. Relative gait transition speed; rUcat. Relative constant acceleration test speed; Different letters on a—b and x—y indicate significant interspecific differences in Ucrit and Ucat, respectively
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图 2 秦岭细鳞鲑与拉氏鱥代谢特征的比较
RMR. 静止代谢率; MMR. 最大代谢率; MS. 有氧代谢空间a—b, m—n, x—y上标字母不同分布表示两物种RMR、MMR 和MS种间差异显著
Figure 2. Comparison of metabolic characteristics between Brachymystax tsinlingensis and Phoxinus lagowskii
RMR; Resting metabolic rate; MMR. Maximum metabolic rate; MS. Aerobic metabolic scope; Different letters on a—b, m—n and x—y indicate significant interspecific differences in RMR, MMR and MS, respectively
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图 3 不同游泳速度下秦岭细鳞鲑与拉氏鱥的耗氧率MO2
Figure 3. The oxygen consumption rate (MO2) of Brachymystax tsinlingensis and Phoxinus lagowskii at different swimming speed
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图 4 不同游泳速度下秦岭细鳞鲑与拉氏鱥游泳运动的单位距离能量消耗(COT)
Figure 4. The energetic cost of transport (COT) of Brachymystax tsinlingensis and Phoxinus lagowskii at different swimming speed
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图 5 秦岭细鳞鲑和拉氏鱥游泳能力与其代谢特征的相关性
Ucrit. 临界游泳速度; MMR. 最大代谢率; MS. 有氧代谢空间
Figure 5. Correlations between swimming performance and metabolic characteristics in Brachymystax tsinlingensis and Phoxinus lagowskii
Ucri. Critical swimming speed; MMR. Maximum metabolic rate; MS. Aerobic metabolic scope
表 1 实验鱼规格大小(平均值±标准误)
Table 1 The body size of the experimental fish (mean±SE)
指标Index 种类
Species体长
Body length (cm)体重
Body weight (g)样本量
nUgait和Ucat测定
Measurement of Ugait and Ucat秦岭细鳞鲑
Brachymystax tsinlingensis9.41±1.59 8.58±0.43 8 拉氏鱥
Phoxinus lagowskii8.69±0.66 8.39±0.20 15 Ucrit及代谢测定
Measurement of metabolism and Ucrit秦岭细鳞鲑
Brachymystax tsinlingensis9.16±0.43 10.98±1.49 15 拉氏鱥
Phoxinus lagowskii8.05±0.25 8.18±0.83 15 
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