重金属Cd2+、Pb2+和Zn2+对泥鳅DNA损伤的研究
EFFECTS OF HEAVY METALSCd2+、Pb2+ AND Zn2+ON DNA DAMAGE OF LOACH MISGURNUS ANGUILLICANDATUS
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摘要: 采用单细胞凝胶电泳技术(SCGE),研究重金属Cd2+、Pb2+、Zn2+在不同暴露时间(1-35d)、单一重金属离子不同暴露浓度(0.05mg/L、0.5mg/L、5.0mg/L)或混合重金属离子(Cd2++Pb2+、Cd2++Zn2+、Pb2++Zn2+、Cd2++Pb2++Zn2+)相同浓度(0.5mg/L)条件下对泥鳅肝胰脏细胞核DNA的损伤作用。以带彗尾核DNA百分率和彗尾长度(TL)与核直径(D)比值为指标,探讨DNA损伤级别与处理浓度间的相关性。结果显示,随着处理时间的延长,带彗尾核DNA百分率和TL/D值均呈上升趋势,5.0mg/L Zn2+组28d时带彗尾核DNA百分率最高(84.85%),35d的TL/D值亦为所有组中最高(2.50);对DNA损伤作用,初期以1级损伤为主,7d后以3级损伤为主,且损伤率超过80%;Cd2+、Pb2+和Zn2+之间的联合毒性表现复杂,但总体表现为Cd2+存在时能增强Pb2+或Zn2+对DNA的损伤作用。总之,重金属Cd2+、Pb2+和Zn2+对泥鳅肝胰脏细胞核DNA损伤具有明显的浓度和时间效应,利用SCGE技术可对水环境污染导致的生物基因毒性作用进行监测。Abstract: This paper mainly reported the DNA damage effects of heavy metals Cd2+,Pb2+ and Zn2+ at 0.05mg/L,0.5mg/L and 5.0mg/L level and their interaction at 0.5mg/L level on hepatopancreas of loach Misgurnus anguillicaudatus by SCGEfor 1-35 days exposure.For each test group,20 loaches with similar body size (5.17-7.99g:11.79-13.21cm-were selected and kept in aquaria with dechlorinated water at 22 ±1 ℃ and fed a commercial diet every 48h.According to the percentage of damaged DNA with tail and its TL/D (tail length to diameter of nucleus-value,it probed into the relationship between DNA damage degree and heavy metal dose and exposure time.The results showed that the percentage of damaged DNA and the TL/D value was increasing with the exposure time prolonging.Of all the treated groups,5.0mg/L Zn2 + treating group had the highest percentage (84.85%-of damaged DNA at 28d exposure and the biggest TL/D value (2.50-at 35d exposure.During the first treated week, the damnification of DNA mainly revealed as the 1st level,after that time,the 3rd damaged level was mostly shown and the per2 centage of damaged DNA was beyond 80%.The joint toxicity effects among Cd2+,Pb2+ or Zn2+ manifested much complex,but it generally displayed that the existence of Cd2+ could enhance the genotoxic of Pb2+ or Zn2+.In conclusion,the results suggest that there is a significant time and dose effect relationship between the heavy metal Cd2+,Pb2+ or Zn2+ treatment and DNA damage in hepatopancreas of loach,and the SCGE could represent a useful test to evaluate the genotoxic of environmental contamination by heavy metals on aquatic organisms.
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Keywords:
- SCGE /
- heavy metals /
- Misgurnus anguillicaudatus /
- DNA damage
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