饲喂蚕豆对草鱼抗氧化能力及免疫机能的影响
EFFECTS OF FEEDING WITH FABA BEAN (VICIA FABA) ON THE ANTIOXIDANT CAPABILITY AND IMMUNE FUNCTIONS OF GRASS CARP (CTENOPHARYNGODON IDELLU)
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摘要: 投喂蚕豆100d左右, 草鱼肌肉的弹性和咀嚼性增强, 肌肉品质显著改善, 此种模式养殖的草鱼俗称脆肉鲩。实验比较了投喂蚕豆与商用配合饲料的草鱼, 在养殖过程中(30d、60d、100d)机体抗氧化能力及免疫机能的异同, 以了解脆肉鲩肌肉品质改变过程中鱼体的生物学变化。实验结果表明, 投喂蚕豆显著影响了草鱼血清总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)、血清丙二醛(MDA)含量及肝胰脏超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活力, 但对肝胰脏T-AOC、MDA含量、谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量及血清SOD活力无显著影响。实验30d和60d时, 投喂蚕豆的草鱼机体抗氧化能力强于投喂配合饲料的草鱼, 但实验100d时两种养殖模式的草鱼机体抗氧化能力无显著差异。投喂蚕豆对草鱼免疫机能有一定的影响, 实验100d时, 投喂蚕豆的草鱼血液红细胞数量(RBC)及白细胞数量(WBC)显著高于投喂配合饲料的草鱼。投喂蚕豆的草鱼血清TP、ALB、GLB含量在实验30d时显著低于投喂配合饲料的草鱼, 在实验60d时与投喂配合饲料的草鱼无显著差异, 在实验100d时又显著低于投喂配合饲料的草鱼。投喂蚕豆显著影响了草鱼脾指数及脾脏中免疫相关基因的表达, 实验末期, 在投喂蚕豆的草鱼脾脏中IL-1、MHC Ⅱ、IFN-1、TNF-的表达量显著高于投喂配合饲料的草鱼。以上结果表明, 投喂蚕豆初期鱼体抗氧化能力增强, 随着投喂时间的增加, 鱼体抗氧化能力降低至与投喂配合饲料相当的水平; 投喂蚕豆使草鱼产生了免疫应答。Abstract: Crisp grass carp is a common name for Ctenopharyngodon idellus that is fed with faba bean (Vicia faba) for 100 days and thus has improved flesh quality, flexibility and mastication properties compared to grass carp fed with regular formula. To better understand the changes in the physiology of crisp grass carp, we explored and compared the antioxidative status and immune functions of crisp grass carp (grass carp fed with faba bean, FB) and common grass carp (grass carp fed with formula feed, FF). Both the FB and FF groups were reared for 30 days, 60 days and 100 days before sampling. The results showed that FB markedly affected the SOD activity in the liver, and T-AOC and MDA in the serum. However, it had little impact on T-AOC and MDA in the liver, GSH in the liver, and the SOD activity in the serum. Fish fed with FB possessed higher antioxidative capability than those fed with FF when tested on the 30th and the 60th day; however on the 100th day the antioxidative capabilities of the two groups were similar. On the 100th day WBC and RBC of the FB group were significantly higher than those of the FF group. On the 30th and the 100th day levels of TP, ALB and GLB in the serum were significantly decreased by feeding with FB compared to the FF group. In the contrast, there was no difference in the serum TP, ALB and GLB between the two groups on the 60th day. The spleen index and the transcription of some immunity-related genes in the spleen could also be altered by diet. On the 100th day, the transcription of IL-1, MHC Ⅱ, IFN-1 and TNF- in the spleen of the FB group was significantly higher than that of the FF group. These results indicated that antioxidative capability of grass carp could be initially enhanced by feeding with faba bean, followed by a decrease to the level of grass carp fed with formula feed. The immune functions of grass carp could also be changed by feeding with faba bean.
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Keywords:
- Ctenopharyngodon idellu /
- Vicia faba /
- Crisp grass carp /
- Antioxidant capability /
- Immune function
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