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Tacon A G J, Cowey C B. Protein and amino acid requirements [M]. In: Calow P, Tytler P(eds.), Fish Energetics: New Perspectives.London: Croom Helm.1985, 155-183[2] National Reasearch Council.. Nutrient Requirements of Fish[M]. Washington:National Academy Press. 1993[3] Tacon A G J. Standard Methods for the Nutrition and Feeding of Farmed Fish and Shrimp [M]. Washington: Argent Laborratories Press. 1990, 2-18[4] Lochmann R T, Phillips H. Dietary protein requirement of juvenile golden shiners(Notemigonus crysoleucas)and goldfish(Carassius aruatus)in aquaria [J]. Aquaculture, 1994, 128: 277-285[5] Carmona-Osalde C, Olivera-Novoa M A, Rodriguez-Serna M, et al. Estimation of the protein requirement for bullfrog(Rana catesbeiana)tadpoles, and its effect on metamorphosis ratio [J]. Aquaculture, 1996, 114: 223-231[6] Kim K, Kayes T B, Amundson C H. Purified diet development and re-evaluation of the dietary protein requiremment of fingerling rainbow trout(Oncorhynchus mykiss)[J]. Aquaculture, 1991, 96: 57-67[7] Gurure R M, Moccia R D, Atkinson J L. Optimal protein requirements of young Arctic charr(Silvelinus alpinus)fed practical diets [J]. Aquacult. Nutr, 1995, 1: 227-234[8] Baker D H. Problems and pitfalls in animal experiments designed to establish dietary requirements for essential nutrients [J]. J. Nutr, 1986, 116: 2339-2349[9] Arzel J, Metailler R, Kerleguer C, et al. The protein requirement of brown trout(Salmo trutta)fry [J]. Aquaculture, 1995, 130: 67-78[10] Robbins K R. A Method, SAS Program and Examples for Fitting the Broken Line to Growth Data [M]. University of Tennessee:Knoxville, 1986, 86-90.[11] Millikin M R. Effects of dietary protein concentration on growth, feed efficiency and body composition of age-0 striped bass [J]. Trans. Am. Fish. Soc, 1983a, 111: 373-378[12] Daniels W H, Robinson E H. Protein and energy requirements of juvenile red brum(Sclaeops ocellatus)[J]. Aquaculture, 1986, 53: 243-252[13] Shiau S Y, Huang S L. Optimal dietary proyein for hybrid tilapia reared in seawater [J]. Aquaculture, 1989, 81: 119-127[14] Chervinski J, Yashouv A. Preliminary experiments on the growth of tilapia aurea(Steindachner)(Pisca, Cichlidae)in sea water ponds [J]. Bamidgeh, 1988, 23(4): 125-129[15] Zeitoun I H, Tack P I., Halver J E, et al. Influence of salinity on protein requirements of rainbow trout finglings [J]. J. Fish. Res. Bd. Can, 1973, 30: 1867-1873[16] Lin H, Arnold C R. The growth responesof red fish(Sciaenops ocellatus)to prepared diets [R]. Annu. world Maricult. Soc. Meet. 1983[17] Daniels W H, Robinson E H. Protein and energy requirements of juvenile red brum(Sclaeops ocellatus)[J]. Aquaculture, 1986, 53: 243-252[18] Webster C D, Tiu L G, Tidwell J H, et al. Effect of dietary protein and lipid levels on growth and body composition of sunshine bass(Morone chrysops × Morone saxatilis)reared in cages [J]. Aquaculture, 1995, 131: 291-301[19] Nematipour G M, Brown M L, Gatlin D M. III. Effects of dietary energy: Protein ratio on growth characteristics and body composition of hybrid striped bass(Morone chrysops × M. Saxatilis)[J]. Aquaculture, 1992, 107: 359-368[20] Chen H Y, Tsai J C. Optimal dietary protein level for the growth of juvenile grouper(Epinephelus malabaricus)fed semipurified diets [J]. Aquaculture, 1994, 119: 265-271[21] Shiau S Y, Lan C W. Optimum dietary protein level and protein to energy ratio for growth of grouper(Epinephelus malabarricus)[J]. Aquaculture, 1996, 70: 63-73[22] Seenappa D, Devaraj K V. Effects of different levels of protein, fat and carbohydrate on growth, feed utilization and body composition of fingerlings in Catla catla [J]. Aquaclture, 1995, 129: 243-249[23] Takeda M, Shimeno S, Hosokawa H., et al. The effect of dietary Calorie-Protein ratio on the growth, feed conversion and body composition of young yellowtail [J].Bull. Jpn. Soc. Sci. Fish, 1990, 41: 443-447[24] Jover M., Garcia-Gomez A, Tomas A, et al. Growth of mediterranean yellowtail(Serila dumerilii)fed extruded diets containing different levels of protein and oil [J]. Aquaculture, 1999, 179: 25-33[25] Ogino C, Chiou J Y, Takeuchi T. Protein nutrition in fish-VI. Effects of dietary energy sources on the utilisation of proteins by rainbow trout and carp [J]. Bull. Jpn. Soc. Sci. Fish, 1976, 42: 213-218[26] 付世建,解小军,张文兵等. 南方鲇的营养学研究:III:饲料脂肪对蛋白质的节约效应[J].水生生物学报,2001,25(1):70-75[27] Wee k L, Tacon A G. A prelimiinary study on the dietary protein requirement of juvenile snakehead [J].Bull. Jpn. Soc. Sci. Fish, 1982, 48: 1463-1468[28] Samantaray K, Mohanty S S. Interations of dietary levels of protein and energy on fingerling snakehead(Channa striata)[J]. Aquaculture, 1997, 156: 241-249[29] Shiau S Y, Lan C W. Optimum dietary protein level and protein to energy ratio for growth of grouper(Epinephelus malabarricus)[J]. Aquaculture, 1996, 70: 63-73[30] Page J. W, Andrews J W. Interations of dietary levels of protein and energy on channel catfish(Ictalurus punctatus)[J]. J. Nutr, 1973, 103: 1339-1346[31] Siddiqui A Q, Howlader M S, Adam A A. Effects of dietary protein levels on growth, feed conversion and protein utilization in fry and young nile tilapia(Oreochromis niloticus)[J]. Aquaculture, 1988, 70: 63-73[32] Umino T, Arai K, Nakagawa H.. Growth performance in clonal crucian carp, Carassius langsdorfii. Effects of genetic difference and feeding histroy[J].Aquaculture, 1997, 155: 271-283[33] Ogunji J. O., Wirth M. Effect of dietary protein content on growth, food conversion and body composition of tilapia(Oreochromis niloticus)fingerlings feed fishmeal diet[J]. J. Aquacult. Trop.2000, 15: 381-389[34] MacDonald M. L, Rogers Q R, Morris J G. Nutrition of the domestic cat, a mammalian carnivore [J]. Annu. Rev. Nutr, 1984, 4: 521-562[35] Serrano J A, Nematipour G R, Gatlin D M. Dietary protein requirement of the red drum(Sciaenops ocellatus)and relative use of dietary carbohydrate and lipid [J]. Aquaculture, 1992, 101: 283-291[36] Mohanty S S, Samantaray K. Effects of varying levels of dietary protein on the growth performances and feed conversion efficiency of fingerling snakehea(Channa striata)[J]. J. Aquacult, 1997, accepted for publication[37] Samantaray K, Mohanty S S. Growth of channa striata fingerlings under varying dietary protein and culture conditions [J]. Asian Fisheries Society. Indian Branch, Mangalore(India). 1999, 441-443[38] Ng W, Soon S, Hashim R. The dietary protein requirement of a bagrid catfish, Mystus nemurus(Cuvier Valenciennes), determined using semipurified diets of varying protein level [J]. Aquacult. Nutr, 2001, 7: 45-51[39] Tibbetts S M, Lall S P, Anderson D M. The dietary protein requirement of a bagrid catfish, Mystus nemurus, determined using semipurified diets of varying protein levels [J]. Aquacult. Nutr, 7: 45-51[40] Press H, Oliva-Teles A. Influence of tempersture on protein utilization in juvenile European seabass. Aquaculture, 1999, 170: 337-348[41] 钱国英. 铒料中不同蛋白质、纤维素和脂肪水平对加州鲈生长的影响[J]. 动物营养学报,2000,12(2):48-52[42] 张文兵,付世建,曹振东等. 南方鲇饲料的最适蛋白质水平[J].水生生物学报,2000,24(6):603-609[43] Lazo J P, Davis D A, Arnold C R. The effects of dietary protein level on growth, feed efficiency and survival of juvenile Florida pompano(Trachinotus carolinus)[J]. Aquaculture, 1998, 169: 225-232
Tacon A G J, Cowey C B. Protein and amino acid requirements [M]. In: Calow P, Tytler P(eds.), Fish Energetics: New Perspectives.London: Croom Helm.1985, 155-183[2] National Reasearch Council.. Nutrient Requirements of Fish[M]. Washington:National Academy Press. 1993[3] Tacon A G J. Standard Methods for the Nutrition and Feeding of Farmed Fish and Shrimp [M]. Washington: Argent Laborratories Press. 1990, 2-18[4] Lochmann R T, Phillips H. Dietary protein requirement of juvenile golden shiners(Notemigonus crysoleucas)and goldfish(Carassius aruatus)in aquaria [J]. Aquaculture, 1994, 128: 277-285[5] Carmona-Osalde C, Olivera-Novoa M A, Rodriguez-Serna M, et al. Estimation of the protein requirement for bullfrog(Rana catesbeiana)tadpoles, and its effect on metamorphosis ratio [J]. Aquaculture, 1996, 114: 223-231[6] Kim K, Kayes T B, Amundson C H. Purified diet development and re-evaluation of the dietary protein requiremment of fingerling rainbow trout(Oncorhynchus mykiss)[J]. Aquaculture, 1991, 96: 57-67[7] Gurure R M, Moccia R D, Atkinson J L. Optimal protein requirements of young Arctic charr(Silvelinus alpinus)fed practical diets [J]. Aquacult. Nutr, 1995, 1: 227-234[8] Baker D H. Problems and pitfalls in animal experiments designed to establish dietary requirements for essential nutrients [J]. J. Nutr, 1986, 116: 2339-2349[9] Arzel J, Metailler R, Kerleguer C, et al. The protein requirement of brown trout(Salmo trutta)fry [J]. Aquaculture, 1995, 130: 67-78[10] Robbins K R. A Method, SAS Program and Examples for Fitting the Broken Line to Growth Data [M]. University of Tennessee:Knoxville, 1986, 86-90.[11] Millikin M R. Effects of dietary protein concentration on growth, feed efficiency and body composition of age-0 striped bass [J]. Trans. Am. Fish. Soc, 1983a, 111: 373-378[12] Daniels W H, Robinson E H. Protein and energy requirements of juvenile red brum(Sclaeops ocellatus)[J]. Aquaculture, 1986, 53: 243-252[13] Shiau S Y, Huang S L. Optimal dietary proyein for hybrid tilapia reared in seawater [J]. Aquaculture, 1989, 81: 119-127[14] Chervinski J, Yashouv A. Preliminary experiments on the growth of tilapia aurea(Steindachner)(Pisca, Cichlidae)in sea water ponds [J]. Bamidgeh, 1988, 23(4): 125-129[15] Zeitoun I H, Tack P I., Halver J E, et al. Influence of salinity on protein requirements of rainbow trout finglings [J]. J. Fish. Res. Bd. Can, 1973, 30: 1867-1873[16] Lin H, Arnold C R. The growth responesof red fish(Sciaenops ocellatus)to prepared diets [R]. Annu. world Maricult. Soc. Meet. 1983[17] Daniels W H, Robinson E H. Protein and energy requirements of juvenile red brum(Sclaeops ocellatus)[J]. Aquaculture, 1986, 53: 243-252[18] Webster C D, Tiu L G, Tidwell J H, et al. Effect of dietary protein and lipid levels on growth and body composition of sunshine bass(Morone chrysops × Morone saxatilis)reared in cages [J]. Aquaculture, 1995, 131: 291-301[19] Nematipour G M, Brown M L, Gatlin D M. III. Effects of dietary energy: Protein ratio on growth characteristics and body composition of hybrid striped bass(Morone chrysops × M. Saxatilis)[J]. Aquaculture, 1992, 107: 359-368[20] Chen H Y, Tsai J C. Optimal dietary protein level for the growth of juvenile grouper(Epinephelus malabaricus)fed semipurified diets [J]. Aquaculture, 1994, 119: 265-271[21] Shiau S Y, Lan C W. Optimum dietary protein level and protein to energy ratio for growth of grouper(Epinephelus malabarricus)[J]. Aquaculture, 1996, 70: 63-73[22] Seenappa D, Devaraj K V. Effects of different levels of protein, fat and carbohydrate on growth, feed utilization and body composition of fingerlings in Catla catla [J]. Aquaclture, 1995, 129: 243-249[23] Takeda M, Shimeno S, Hosokawa H., et al. The effect of dietary Calorie-Protein ratio on the growth, feed conversion and body composition of young yellowtail [J].Bull. Jpn. Soc. Sci. Fish, 1990, 41: 443-447[24] Jover M., Garcia-Gomez A, Tomas A, et al. Growth of mediterranean yellowtail(Serila dumerilii)fed extruded diets containing different levels of protein and oil [J]. Aquaculture, 1999, 179: 25-33[25] Ogino C, Chiou J Y, Takeuchi T. Protein nutrition in fish-VI. Effects of dietary energy sources on the utilisation of proteins by rainbow trout and carp [J]. Bull. Jpn. Soc. Sci. Fish, 1976, 42: 213-218[26] 付世建,解小军,张文兵等. 南方鲇的营养学研究:III:饲料脂肪对蛋白质的节约效应[J].水生生物学报,2001,25(1):70-75[27] Wee k L, Tacon A G. A prelimiinary study on the dietary protein requirement of juvenile snakehead [J].Bull. Jpn. Soc. Sci. Fish, 1982, 48: 1463-1468[28] Samantaray K, Mohanty S S. Interations of dietary levels of protein and energy on fingerling snakehead(Channa striata)[J]. Aquaculture, 1997, 156: 241-249[29] Shiau S Y, Lan C W. Optimum dietary protein level and protein to energy ratio for growth of grouper(Epinephelus malabarricus)[J]. Aquaculture, 1996, 70: 63-73[30] Page J. W, Andrews J W. Interations of dietary levels of protein and energy on channel catfish(Ictalurus punctatus)[J]. J. Nutr, 1973, 103: 1339-1346[31] Siddiqui A Q, Howlader M S, Adam A A. Effects of dietary protein levels on growth, feed conversion and protein utilization in fry and young nile tilapia(Oreochromis niloticus)[J]. Aquaculture, 1988, 70: 63-73[32] Umino T, Arai K, Nakagawa H.. Growth performance in clonal crucian carp, Carassius langsdorfii. Effects of genetic difference and feeding histroy[J].Aquaculture, 1997, 155: 271-283[33] Ogunji J. O., Wirth M. Effect of dietary protein content on growth, food conversion and body composition of tilapia(Oreochromis niloticus)fingerlings feed fishmeal diet[J]. J. Aquacult. Trop.2000, 15: 381-389[34] MacDonald M. L, Rogers Q R, Morris J G. Nutrition of the domestic cat, a mammalian carnivore [J]. Annu. Rev. Nutr, 1984, 4: 521-562[35] Serrano J A, Nematipour G R, Gatlin D M. Dietary protein requirement of the red drum(Sciaenops ocellatus)and relative use of dietary carbohydrate and lipid [J]. Aquaculture, 1992, 101: 283-291[36] Mohanty S S, Samantaray K. Effects of varying levels of dietary protein on the growth performances and feed conversion efficiency of fingerling snakehea(Channa striata)[J]. J. Aquacult, 1997, accepted for publication[37] Samantaray K, Mohanty S S. Growth of channa striata fingerlings under varying dietary protein and culture conditions [J]. Asian Fisheries Society. Indian Branch, Mangalore(India). 1999, 441-443[38] Ng W, Soon S, Hashim R. The dietary protein requirement of a bagrid catfish, Mystus nemurus(Cuvier Valenciennes), determined using semipurified diets of varying protein level [J]. Aquacult. Nutr, 2001, 7: 45-51[39] Tibbetts S M, Lall S P, Anderson D M. The dietary protein requirement of a bagrid catfish, Mystus nemurus, determined using semipurified diets of varying protein levels [J]. Aquacult. Nutr, 7: 45-51[40] Press H, Oliva-Teles A. Influence of tempersture on protein utilization in juvenile European seabass. Aquaculture, 1999, 170: 337-348[41] 钱国英. 铒料中不同蛋白质、纤维素和脂肪水平对加州鲈生长的影响[J]. 动物营养学报,2000,12(2):48-52[42] 张文兵,付世建,曹振东等. 南方鲇饲料的最适蛋白质水平[J].水生生物学报,2000,24(6):603-609[43] Lazo J P, Davis D A, Arnold C R. The effects of dietary protein level on growth, feed efficiency and survival of juvenile Florida pompano(Trachinotus carolinus)[J]. Aquaculture, 1998, 169: 225-232
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