Volume 28 Issue 5
Feb.  2014
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WAN Min, MAI Kang-Sen, MA Hong-Ming, XU Wei, LIUFU Zhi-Guo. EFFECTS OF DIETARY SELENIUM AND VITAMIN E ON ANTIOXIDANT ENZYME ACTIVITIES IN ABALONE,HALIOTIS DISCUS HANNAI INO[J]. ACTA HYDROBIOLOGICA SINICA, 2004, 28(5): 496-503.
Citation: WAN Min, MAI Kang-Sen, MA Hong-Ming, XU Wei, LIUFU Zhi-Guo. EFFECTS OF DIETARY SELENIUM AND VITAMIN E ON ANTIOXIDANT ENZYME ACTIVITIES IN ABALONE,HALIOTIS DISCUS HANNAI INO[J]. ACTA HYDROBIOLOGICA SINICA, 2004, 28(5): 496-503.
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EFFECTS OF DIETARY SELENIUM AND VITAMIN E ON ANTIOXIDANT ENZYME ACTIVITIES IN ABALONE,HALIOTIS DISCUS HANNAI INO

  • Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003

  • Received Date: May 05, 2003
  • Rev Recd Date: March 19, 2004
  • Published Date: September 24, 2004
    Graphical Abstract
    • Abstract
  • When attacked by microbes,the immune system of the host can be activated,which induces many changes. One of them is that the hemocytes can produce reactive oxygen intermediate(ROIs)to kill the microbes. On the other hand,anti-oxidant system is necessary to maintain an appropriate amount of ROIs,and keep a good balance between killing microbes and protecting itself from hurt by superfluous ROls. Vitamin E(VE)and selenium(Se)are two important components of the anti-oxidant system,and can eliminate the superfluous ROIs directly or indirectly. In the present study,a two-factorial experiment was designed to evaluate the effects of dietary Se and VE on antioxidant enzyme activities,which can reflect the oxidant status of the organisms,abalone Haliotis discus hannai Ino. Totally eight semi-purified diets were formulated to provide graded levels of Se(0,0.2,0.6,1.5mg/kg)and VE(0,50IU/kg). Abalone of similar size(6—7cm)were distributed randomly into buckets with re-circulating sea water. Eight different artificial diets and one control(fresh kelp,Laminaria japonica)were tested. Each treatment had three replicates. The feeding experiments lasted for 120 days. The culture conditions during this period were as follows:12 hr illumination per day,water temperature 15.6—20.5℃,salinity 31—34,dissolved oxygen 7.2mg/L,pH 7.5—7.9. After the feeding experiments,the animals were sacrificed and hemolymph was withdrawn,and centrifuged at 3000 r/min for 5 min at 4℃. The supernatant was kept in -70℃ for further use. The activities of catalase(CAT),superoxide dismutase(SOD),glutathione peroxidase(GPX),glutathione reductase(GR),glutathion-S-transferase(GST)in serum were assayed. The results showed that dietary Se had more efficient effects on antioxidant enzyme activities than VE. Dietary Se had significant effects on all five antioxidant enzyme activities(P<0.05),while VE significantly influenced the activities of only GPX and GR(P<0.05). There were significant interactions between Se and VE on the activities of CAT,GPX and GR(P<0.05). It was found that SOD and CAT activity in abalone serum decrease with increasing of dietary content of Se or VE. GPX activity increased when dietary Se content increased. GST activity was the highest when no Se or VE in the diet. Addition to enzyme activities,GPX/SOD, GR/GPX and CAT/SOD ratios were used as indices of antioxidant level. It was found that these three ratios were affected significantly by dietary selenium(P<0.05),while only GR/GPX was influenced significantly by dietary VE. Se and VE had interaction in GPX/SOD and GR/GPX(P<0.05). When no Se or VE was added to the diet,the value of GR/GPX and CAT/SOD was the highest(2.3 and 0.3 respectively) while GPX/SOD was the lowest(0.6). These indices also changed sensitively when Se or VE were added. In the diet containing 0.6mg/kg Se,the GPX/SOD was the highest. When 0.6mg/kg Se and 50 IU/kg VE was added to the diet, GP/GPX reached the lowest point,and also the value of CAT/SOD showed the decreasing trend with Se and VE was added. Considering all the indices we had measured,it could be concluded that 0.6mg/kg Se and 50 IU/kg VE could keep the antioxidant enzymes in a balanced level,which could protect abalone from oxidant damages. According to these results,the abalone fed with kelp,L.japonica kept better antioxidant status at the end of the experiments than those fed with artificial diet.It indicated that the formula of the artificial diet used in the present experiments still needs to be optimized.
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  • [1]
    Zhang F,Li G. Progress on researches of reactive oxygen intermediates of mlluscs hemocytes in internal defense[J]. Marine Science,1999,2:16-19. [张峰,李光友. 贝类血细胞活性氧体内防御作用的研究进展. 海洋科学,1999,2:16-19][2] Lygren B,Hamre K,Waagbo R. Effects of dietary pro-and antioxidants on some protective mechanisms and health parameters in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar L. [J]. J. Aquat. Anim. Health,1999,11:211-221[3] Mourente G,Diaz-Salvago E,Bell J G, et al. Increased activities of hepatic antioxidant defence enzymes in juvenile gilthead sea bream(Sparus aurata L.)fed dietary oxidized oil:attenuation by dietary vitamin E[J]. Aquaculture,2002,214:343-361[4] Sarada S K S,Sairam M,Anju P D B,et al. Role of selenium in reducing hypoxia-induced oxidative stress:an in vivo study[J]. Biomed Phamacother,2002,56:173-178[5] Mourente G,Tocher D R, Diaz-Salvago E,et al. Relationships between antioxidants,antioxidant enzyme activities and lipid peroxidation products during early development in Dentex dentex eggs and larve[J]. Aquaculture,1999,179:309-324[6] Amstad P,Moret R,Cerutti P, Glutathione peroxidase compensates for the hypersensitivity of Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase overproducers to oxidant stress[J]. J. Biol Chem.,1994,269:1606-1609[7] Avanzo J L,Mendonca Jr,Pugine C X,et al. Effect of vitamin E and selenium on resistance to oxidative stress in chicken superficial pectoralis muscle[J]. Comp. Biochem. Physiol.,2001,129:163-173[8] Fang Y,Yang S,Wu G, et al. Free Radicals,antioxidants,and nutrition[J]. Nutrition,2002,18:872-879[9] Wolf R,Wolf D,Ruocco V,et al. Vitamin E:the radical protector[J]. Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology,1998,10:103-117[10] Ziegler E E,Filer Jr,L J Present knowledge in Nutrition[M]. Beijing:People Hygeian Press,1998:567-574. [Ziegler E E,Filer Jr,L J 现代营养学. 北京:人民卫生出版社1998,567-574][11] Mai K. Comparative Studies on the nutrition of two species of abalone,Haliotis tuberculata L. and Haliotis discus hannai Ino. VII Effects of dietary vitamin C on survival,growth and tissue concentration of ascorbic acid[J]. Aquaculture,1998,161:383-392[12] Zhou Q,Mai K,Tan B, et al. The effects of vitamin E on growth,survival and carcass composition of juvenile abalone(Haliotis discus hannai Ino)[J]. Oceanologia et Limnologia Sinica,2001,32(2):125-131. [周歧存,麦康森,潭北平,等. 维生素E对皱纹盘鲍幼鲍生长、存活及体成分的影响. 海洋与湖沼,2001,32(2):125-131][13] Mai K,Mercer J P,Donlon J. Comparative studies on the nutrition of two species of abalone,Haliotis tuberculata L. and Haliotis discus hannai Ino. Ⅲ. Response of abalone to various levels of dietary lipids[J]. Aquaculture,1995a,134:65-80[14] Mai K,Mercer J P,Donlon J. Comparative studies on the nutrition of two species of abalone Haliotis tuberculata L. and Haliotis discus hannai Ino. IV. Optimum dietary protein level for growth[J]. Aquaculture,1995b,136:165-180[15] Hilton J W. The Interaction of vitamin,minerals and diet composition in the diet of fish[J]. Aquaculture,1989,79:223-244[16] Watanabe T,Kiron V,Satoh S. Trace minerals in fish nutrition[J]. Aquaculture,1997,151:185-207[17] Beers R F,Sizer I W. Spectrophotometric method for measuring the breakdown of hydrogen peroxide by catalase[J]. J. Biol Chem. 1952,195,133-140[18] Zou G,Gui X. ,Zhong X,et al. A method of assessing SOD activity[J]. Prog. Biochem. Biophys. ,1986,4:71-73. [邹国林,桂兴芬,钟晓凌,等. 一种SOD的测活方法. 生物化学和生物物理进展,1986,4:71-73][19] Bell J G,Cowey C B,Adron J W,et al. Some effects of vitamin E and selenium deprivation on tissue enzyme levels and indices of tissue peroxidation in rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri)[J]. Br. J. Nutr. 1985,53,149-157[20] Habig W H,Jakoby W B,et al. Glutathione-S-transferases(rat and human)[J]. Methods Enzymol.,1981,77,218-231[21] DiIlio C,Polidoro G,Arduini A,et al. Glutathione peroxidase,glutathione reductase,glutathione-S-transferase and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase activities in the human early pregnancy[J]. Biochem. Med.,1983. 29 :143-148[22] Wise D J,Tomasso J R. Effects of dietary selenium and vitamin E on red blood cell peroxidation,glutathione peroxidase activity,and macrophage superoxide anion production in Channel Catfish[J]. J. Aquat. Anim. Health,1993,5:177-182[23] Reddy,K V,Kumar,T C,Prasad,M,et al. Pulmonary lipid peroxidation and antioxidant defenses during exhaustive physical exercise:the role of vitamin E and selenium[J]. Nutrition,1998,14(5):448-451[24] Lygren B,Hamre K,Waagbo R. Effect of induced hyperoxia on the antioxidant status of Atlantic salmon Salmo salar L. fed three different levels of dietary vitamin E[J]. Aquacult. Res.,2000,31:401-407

    Zhang F,Li G. Progress on researches of reactive oxygen intermediates of mlluscs hemocytes in internal defense[J]. Marine Science,1999,2:16-19. [张峰,李光友. 贝类血细胞活性氧体内防御作用的研究进展. 海洋科学,1999,2:16-19][2] Lygren B,Hamre K,Waagbo R. Effects of dietary pro-and antioxidants on some protective mechanisms and health parameters in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar L. [J]. J. Aquat. Anim. Health,1999,11:211-221[3] Mourente G,Diaz-Salvago E,Bell J G, et al. Increased activities of hepatic antioxidant defence enzymes in juvenile gilthead sea bream(Sparus aurata L.)fed dietary oxidized oil:attenuation by dietary vitamin E[J]. Aquaculture,2002,214:343-361[4] Sarada S K S,Sairam M,Anju P D B,et al. Role of selenium in reducing hypoxia-induced oxidative stress:an in vivo study[J]. Biomed Phamacother,2002,56:173-178[5] Mourente G,Tocher D R, Diaz-Salvago E,et al. Relationships between antioxidants,antioxidant enzyme activities and lipid peroxidation products during early development in Dentex dentex eggs and larve[J]. Aquaculture,1999,179:309-324[6] Amstad P,Moret R,Cerutti P, Glutathione peroxidase compensates for the hypersensitivity of Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase overproducers to oxidant stress[J]. J. Biol Chem.,1994,269:1606-1609[7] Avanzo J L,Mendonca Jr,Pugine C X,et al. Effect of vitamin E and selenium on resistance to oxidative stress in chicken superficial pectoralis muscle[J]. Comp. Biochem. Physiol.,2001,129:163-173[8] Fang Y,Yang S,Wu G, et al. Free Radicals,antioxidants,and nutrition[J]. Nutrition,2002,18:872-879[9] Wolf R,Wolf D,Ruocco V,et al. Vitamin E:the radical protector[J]. Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology,1998,10:103-117[10] Ziegler E E,Filer Jr,L J Present knowledge in Nutrition[M]. Beijing:People Hygeian Press,1998:567-574. [Ziegler E E,Filer Jr,L J 现代营养学. 北京:人民卫生出版社1998,567-574][11] Mai K. Comparative Studies on the nutrition of two species of abalone,Haliotis tuberculata L. and Haliotis discus hannai Ino. VII Effects of dietary vitamin C on survival,growth and tissue concentration of ascorbic acid[J]. Aquaculture,1998,161:383-392[12] Zhou Q,Mai K,Tan B, et al. The effects of vitamin E on growth,survival and carcass composition of juvenile abalone(Haliotis discus hannai Ino)[J]. Oceanologia et Limnologia Sinica,2001,32(2):125-131. [周歧存,麦康森,潭北平,等. 维生素E对皱纹盘鲍幼鲍生长、存活及体成分的影响. 海洋与湖沼,2001,32(2):125-131][13] Mai K,Mercer J P,Donlon J. Comparative studies on the nutrition of two species of abalone,Haliotis tuberculata L. and Haliotis discus hannai Ino. Ⅲ. Response of abalone to various levels of dietary lipids[J]. Aquaculture,1995a,134:65-80[14] Mai K,Mercer J P,Donlon J. Comparative studies on the nutrition of two species of abalone Haliotis tuberculata L. and Haliotis discus hannai Ino. IV. Optimum dietary protein level for growth[J]. Aquaculture,1995b,136:165-180[15] Hilton J W. The Interaction of vitamin,minerals and diet composition in the diet of fish[J]. Aquaculture,1989,79:223-244[16] Watanabe T,Kiron V,Satoh S. Trace minerals in fish nutrition[J]. Aquaculture,1997,151:185-207[17] Beers R F,Sizer I W. Spectrophotometric method for measuring the breakdown of hydrogen peroxide by catalase[J]. J. Biol Chem. 1952,195,133-140[18] Zou G,Gui X. ,Zhong X,et al. A method of assessing SOD activity[J]. Prog. Biochem. Biophys. ,1986,4:71-73. [邹国林,桂兴芬,钟晓凌,等. 一种SOD的测活方法. 生物化学和生物物理进展,1986,4:71-73][19] Bell J G,Cowey C B,Adron J W,et al. Some effects of vitamin E and selenium deprivation on tissue enzyme levels and indices of tissue peroxidation in rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri)[J]. Br. J. Nutr. 1985,53,149-157[20] Habig W H,Jakoby W B,et al. Glutathione-S-transferases(rat and human)[J]. Methods Enzymol.,1981,77,218-231[21] DiIlio C,Polidoro G,Arduini A,et al. Glutathione peroxidase,glutathione reductase,glutathione-S-transferase and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase activities in the human early pregnancy[J]. Biochem. Med.,1983. 29 :143-148[22] Wise D J,Tomasso J R. Effects of dietary selenium and vitamin E on red blood cell peroxidation,glutathione peroxidase activity,and macrophage superoxide anion production in Channel Catfish[J]. J. Aquat. Anim. Health,1993,5:177-182[23] Reddy,K V,Kumar,T C,Prasad,M,et al. Pulmonary lipid peroxidation and antioxidant defenses during exhaustive physical exercise:the role of vitamin E and selenium[J]. Nutrition,1998,14(5):448-451[24] Lygren B,Hamre K,Waagbo R. Effect of induced hyperoxia on the antioxidant status of Atlantic salmon Salmo salar L. fed three different levels of dietary vitamin E[J]. Aquacult. Res.,2000,31:401-407
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