MA Kai, CAI Qing-Hua, XIE Zhi-Cai, LI Dao-Feng, LIU Rui-Qiu. INFLUENCES OF SUBMERGED MACROPHYTES DISTRIBUTION PATTERN ON NITROGEN AND PHOSPHOROUS FACTORS OF WATER ENVIRONMENT IN LAKES[J]. ACTA HYDROBIOLOGICA SINICA, 2003, 27(3): 232-237.
Citation: MA Kai, CAI Qing-Hua, XIE Zhi-Cai, LI Dao-Feng, LIU Rui-Qiu. INFLUENCES OF SUBMERGED MACROPHYTES DISTRIBUTION PATTERN ON NITROGEN AND PHOSPHOROUS FACTORS OF WATER ENVIRONMENT IN LAKES[J]. ACTA HYDROBIOLOGICA SINICA, 2003, 27(3): 232-237.

INFLUENCES OF SUBMERGED MACROPHYTES DISTRIBUTION PATTERN ON NITROGEN AND PHOSPHOROUS FACTORS OF WATER ENVIRONMENT IN LAKES

  • Received Date: May 12, 2002
  • Rev Recd Date: December 09, 2002
  • Published Date: May 24, 2003
  • Baoan Lake is one of typical shallow lakes along middle reach of the Yangtze River. In August 2001, submerged macrophytes were investigated in Baoan Lake by setting up 103 sampling sites with assistant of a GPS setting. Water samples were collected simultaneously for chemical analysis. Under the support of GIS software ArcView 3.2, we established two GIS databases, including the database of mycrophytes and the database of physicochemical factors, and the data source comes respectively from the field sampling and chemical analysis. Then the database was applied to simulate macrophytes distribution and ecological factor fields in the lake. Based on the technique of GIS spatial analysis, different parts of N and P factor fields were selected spatially according to distribution areas of four dominant submerged macrophytes ( Ceratophyllum demersum L ., Myriophyllum spicatum L .,Potamogeton maackianus A. Benn. and Vallisneria spiralis L.), and the non macrophyte distribution area. By characterizing these selected fields with the grid statistic method, we analyzed the influence of each macorphyte distribution pattern on the levels of N and P factors in the water environment. The results implied significant impact of each macrophyte distribution on N and P factors concentration in their surrounding water environment, moreover impact effect and intensity has varied according to the mycrophyte species. As far as the concentration of TN and TP in surrounding water is concerned,TN: M. spicatum (0.774mg稬-1 )> V. spiralis (0.714mg稬-1 )> C.demersum (0.701mg稬-1 )> P. maackianus (0.695mg稬-1 );TP: M. spicatum (0.123mg稬-1 )> P. maackianus (0.118mg稬-1 ) > C.demersum (0.107mg稬-1 )> V. spiralis (0.079mg稬-1 ). The results also demonstrated C.demersum, P.maackianu and V.spiralis are unable to change the TN concentration in the water phase by comparing with the non mycrophyte distribution area. The influence on N factor is just to regulate and control the N circle among different inorganic compounds. In addition, P. maackianus and C. demersum presented the potential on organic pollutants degradation. M. spicatum is quite different from other macrophytes. TN concentration in water increases sharply because of M. spicatum distribution. The increased N is mainly emitted from M. spicatum individuals. As to TP concentration in water environment, the four macrophytes have the same effect. They are all able to absorb P directly from surrounding water, decreasing observably the TP concentration in water. It suggested that the water phase is playing a role in the nutrition of these species in the eutrophic waters. It is different from the in oligotrophic waters in which macrophytes acheive P requirements by direct uptake from the sediments. In condusion submerged macrophytes have ability to reduce TP concentration and stabilize TN concentration in waters. Macrophytes help to reduce the trophic level of water expcept that M. spicatum accelerate the eutrophication.
  • [1]
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    Li W, Zhong Y. Theories and methods of the study of aquatic vegetation [M]. Wuhan: Central China Normal University Press,1992,237-277.[李伟,钟扬.水生植被研究的理论和方法.武汉:华中师范大学出版社,1992,237-277][2] Carpenter S R, Lodge D M. Effects of submersed macrophytes on ecosystem processes [J].Aquatic Botany,1986,26:341-370[3] Lehmann A, Jaquet J M, Lachavanne J B. Contribution of GIS to submerged macropyte biomass estimation and community structure modeling, Lake Geneva, Switzerland [J].Aquatic Botany,1994,44:99-117[4] Lehmann A, Castella E, Lachavanne J B. Morphological traits and spatial heterogeneity of aquatic plants along sediment and dept gradients, Lake Geneva, Switzerland [J].Aquatic Botany.1997,55:281-299[5] Lehmann A, Jaquet J M, Lachavanne J B. A GIS approach of aquatic plant spatial heterogeneity in relation to sediment and in relation to sediment and depth gradients, Lake Geneva, Switzerland [J].Aquatic Botany,1997,58:347-361[6] Lehmann A, Lachavanne J B. Changes in the water quality of lake geneva indicated by submerged macrophytes.[J].Freshwater Biology,1999,42:457-466[7] Schmieder K H. Lirroral zone-GIS of lake constance a useful tool in lake monitoring and autecological studies with submersed macrophytes[J].Aquatic Botany,1997,58:336-346[8] Liang Y L, Liu H Q. Resources, environment and fishery ecological management of macrophytic lakes (1) [C].Beijing: Sciences Press,1995.[梁彦龄,刘伙泉.草型湖泊资源、环境与渔业生态学管理(一).北京:科学出版社,1995][9] Li W. Studies on aquatic vegetation and its succession in Honghu Lake[D].Wuhan: Institute of Hydrobiology, the Chinese Academy of Sciences,1995.[李伟.洪湖水生植被及其演替研究.武汉:中国科学院水生生物研究所,1995][10] Cui X H, Chen J K, Li W. Survey methods on aquatic macrophyte vegetation in lakes in the middle and lower reaches of Changjiang River[J].Journal of Wuhan Botanical Research,1999,17:357-361.[崔心红,陈家宽,李伟.长江中下游地区水生植被调查方法.武汉植物学研究,1999,17:357-361][11] Pan W B. Fractal and geostatistical researches on spatial patterns of macrophyte in lakes-case studies from the Baoan Lake and its adjacent lakes[D]. Wuhan: Institute of Hydrobiology, the Chinese Academy of Sciences,2000.[潘文斌.湖泊大型水生植物空间格局的分形地统计研究.武汉:中国科学院水生生物研究所,2000][12] Pan W B,Cai Q H.The function of macrophyte in the carbon circulation of Baoan Lake[J].Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica,2000,24(5):418-425.[潘文斌,蔡庆华.保安湖大型水生植物在碳循环中的作用.水生生物学报,2000,24(5):418-425][13]Zhao B. Nonlinear study on "ecological factor field" of freshwater ecosystem[D]. Wuhan: Institute of Hydrobiology, the Chinese Academy of Sciences,2002.[赵斌.生态系统"生态因子场"空间格局的非线性分析.武汉:中国科学院水生生物研究所,1998][14] Zhao B, Cai Q H. Fractal character of ecological factor field in Meiziya Reservoir[J].Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica,2000,24(5):481-486.[赵斌,蔡庆华.梅子垭水库生态因子场的分形特征.水生生物学报,2000,24(5):481-486][15] Zhao B, Cai Q H. Geostatistical analysis of ecological factor field in Meiziya Reservoir [J].Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica,2000,24(5):487-492.[赵斌,蔡庆华.梅子垭水库生态因子场的地统计学分析.水生生物学报,2000,24(5):487-492][16] Ma K.A GIS approach to the influence of macrophytes distribution pattern on physicochemical factors in lakes-A case study in Baoan Lake, Hubei[D].Wuhan: Institute of Hydrobiology, the Chinese Academy of Sciences,2002.[马凯.基于GIS的大型水生植物分布格局对湖泊理化因子的影响研究--以湖北保安湖为例.武汉:中国科学院水生生物研究所,2002][17] Zhan C W, Yu D. Application of the geographic information system for the ecological studies of aquatic plant [J].Acta Hydrobiological Sinica,2000,24(5):555-562.[詹存卫,于丹.地理信息系统在水生植物生态学研究中的应用.水生生物学报,2000,24:555-562]

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