ZHANG Song, XIE Shou-Qi, ZHU Xiao-Ming, LEI Wu, HAN Dong, YANG Yun-Xia. Effect of faecal collection interval and dietary meat and bone meal levels on digestibility of nutrients in gibel carp ( Carassius auratus gibelio)[J]. ACTA HYDROBIOLOGICA SINICA, 2008, 32(1): 79-90.
Citation: ZHANG Song, XIE Shou-Qi, ZHU Xiao-Ming, LEI Wu, HAN Dong, YANG Yun-Xia. Effect of faecal collection interval and dietary meat and bone meal levels on digestibility of nutrients in gibel carp ( Carassius auratus gibelio)[J]. ACTA HYDROBIOLOGICA SINICA, 2008, 32(1): 79-90.

Effect of faecal collection interval and dietary meat and bone meal levels on digestibility of nutrients in gibel carp ( Carassius auratus gibelio)

  • Received Date: February 21, 2006
  • Rev Recd Date: March 15, 2007
  • Published Date: January 24, 2008
  • The present study was undertaken to evaluate the effects of faecal collection interval (using a settling column) and thelevels of dietary meat and bone meals (MBM) on the apparent digestibility coefficient (ADC) for dry matter, protein, energy andphosphorus in gibel carp. Six iso2nitrogenous (crude protein: 410 g/ kg) and isoenergetic (gross energy: 18 kJ / g) diets wereused in which fish meal (FM) protein was gradually replaced by MBM at 0 %, 20 %, 40 %, 60 %, 80 % and 100 %. These dietcombinations were fed to juvenile gibel carp for 11 weeks. The faecal samples were collected two weeks after the beginning of theexperiment using a settlement column starting 1 min after excretion started, or 4h and 16h after feeding. The results showed thatthe ADCs of dry matter, protein, energy and phosphorus increased significantly as the time from excretion to faecal collections in2creased while not being significant for the high MBM inclusion diets. ADCs of dry matter, crude protein, energy and phosphorusdecreased linearly or almost linearly with the increase in dietaryMBMlevels. These findings suggest that faeces should be collectedsoon after they had settled under the conditions of this study for digestibility determination while rapid leaching is apparently re-sponsible for this false reading of digestibility with increasing sampling interval. It is also apparent that the digestibility is one of theproblems affecting the use of MBM in juvenile gibel carp.
  • [1]
    Vandenberg GW &De la Noüe J. Apparent digestibility comparisonin rainbow trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss) assessed using three methodsof faeces collection and three digestibility markers [J]. AquacultureNutrition, 2001,7:237-245
    [2]
    Irvin S J & Tabrett S J. A novel method of collecting fecal samplesfrom spiny lobsters [J]. Aquaculture, 2005,243: 269-272
    [3]
    De la Noüe J &Choubert G. Digestibility in rainbow trout: compari2son of the direct and indirect methods of measurement [J]. The Progressive Fish-Culturist,1986,48: 190-195
    [4]
    Allan GL, Rowland SJ, Parkinson S, Stone D AJ &Jantrarotai W.Nutrient digestibility for juvenile silver perch Bidyanus bidyanus: de2velopment of methods [J]. Aquaculture,1999,170:131-145
    [5]
    Nose T. On the digestion of food proteins by goldfish ( Carassius au2ratus L. ) and rainbow trout ( Salmo irideus G. ). Bulletin of Freshwater Fisheries Research Laboratory, 1960,10:11-22
    [6]
    Austreng E. Digestibility determination in fish using chromic oxidemarking and analysis of contents from different segments of the gas-trointestinal tract [J]. Aquaculture,1978,13:265-272
    [8]
    Vens-Cappell B.Methodical studies on digestion in trout: I. Reliability of digestion coefficients in relation to methods for digesta collection[J]. Aquacultural Engineering,1985,4:33-49
    [9]
    Hajen W E, Beames R M, Higgs D A &Dosanjh B S. Digestibilityof various feedstuffs by postjuvenile chinook salmon ( Oncorhynchustshawytscha) in sea water: 1. Validation of technique [J]. Aquacul2ture,1993a,112:321-332
    [10]
    Percival S &Lee P. Development of more cost2effective feeds for theTasmanian Atlantic salmon industry. Final Report to FRDC, ProjectNo. 93/ 126. Salmon Enterprises Tasmania ( SALTAS). Hobart,Tasmania, 1996,55
    [11]
    Smith B W &Lovell R T. Digestibility of nutrients in semipurified rations by channel catfish in stainless steel troughs[J]. Proceedings ofthe Annual Conference Southeast Association of Game and Fish Com2missioners, 1971, 25:425-459
    [12]
    Smith B W & Lovell R T. Determination of apparent protein digestibility in feeds for channel catfish [J]. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society,1973,102:831-835
    [13]
    Henken A M, Kleingeld D W &Tijssen P A T. The effect of feedinglevel on apparent digestibility of dietary dry matter, crude protein andgross energy in the African catfish Clarias gariepinus (Burchell,1822) [J]. Aquaculture, 1985,51:1-11
    [14]
    Lovell R T. Digestibility of nutrients in feedstuffs for catfish. In: R RStickney and R TLowell (Eds. ), Nutrition and Feeding of ChannelCatfish. Southern Cooperative Series Bulletin. 1977,218:33-37
    [15]
    Brown B P, Strange R J &Robbins K R. Protein digestibility coeffi2cients for yearling channel catfish fed high protein feedstuffs [J]. TheProgressive Fish-Culturist, 1985,47:94-97
    [16]
    Smith R R. Methods for determination of digestibility and metabolisable energy of feedstuffs for finfish. In: Proceedings of the WorldSymposium on Finfish Nutrition and Fishfeed Technology. Vol. II,Hamburg 20-23 June, 1978. Heenemann Verlagsgessellschaft,Berlin, 1979,453-459
    [17]
    National Research Council (NRC), Nutrient Requirements of Fish.National Academy Press, Washington D C. 1993,114
    [18]
    Storebakken T, Kvien I S, Shearer K D, Grisdale-Helland B, Helland S J, Berge GM. The apparent digestibility of diets containingfish meal, soybean meal or bacterial meal fed to Atlantic salmon( Salmo salar): evaluation of different faecal collection methods [J].Aquaculture, 1998,169:195-210
    [19]
    Ramsay J M, Castell J D, Anderson D M &Hebb C D. Effects of fecal collection methods on estimation of digestibility of protein feedstuffs by winter flounder [J]. North American Journal of Aquaculture, 2000,62:168-173
    [20]
    Spyridakis P, Metailler R, Gabaudan J &Riaza A. Studies on nutri2ent digestibility in European sea bass ( Dicentrarchus labrax ):1.Methodological aspects concerning faeces collection [J]. Aquacul2ture, 1989,77:61-70
    [21]
    Alliot E, Pastoureaud A, Pelaez2Hudlet J &Métailler R. Utilisationdes farines végétales et des levures cultivées sur alcanes pourlpalimentation du bar ( Dicentrarchus labrax). In: Proceedings of theWorld Symposium on Finfish Nutrition and Fishfeed Technology.Hamburg. Heenemann, Berlin, 1978, Vol. 2:229-238
    [22]
    Cho C Y,Slinger SJ. Apparent digestibility measurement in feedstuffsfor rainbow trout. In:Proceedings of the World Symposiumon FinfishNutrition and Fishfeed Technology. Hamburg, Germany. Vol. II,Hamburg, 20-23 June, 1978. Heenemann Verlagsgesellschaft,Berlin. 1979, 239-247
    [23]
    Cho C Y, Slinger S J &Bayley H S. Bioenergetics of salmonid fish2es: energy intake, expenditure and productivity [J]. ComparativeBiochemistry and Physiology,1982,73B:25-41
    [24]
    Choubert GJr, de la Noüe J &Luquet P. Continuous quantitative au2tomatic collector for fish feces [J]. The Progressive FishCulturist,1979, 41:64-67
    [25]
    Choubert GJr, de la Noüe J &Luquet P. Digestibility in fish: Improved device for the automatic collection of feces [J]. Aquaculture,1982,29:185-189
    [26]
    Smith B R. A method for measuring digestibility and metabolisableenergy of fish feeds [J]. The Progressive Fish-Culturist, 1971,33:132-134
    [27]
    Smith R R, Peterson M C &Allred C. Effect of leaching on apparentdigestibility coefficients of feedstuffs for salmonids [J]. The Progres2sive Fish2Culturist, 1980,42:195-199
    [28]
    Lied E, Julshamn K &Braekkan O R. Determination of protein di2gestibility in Atlantic cod ( Gadus morhua) with internal and externalindicators [J]. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences,1982,39:854-861
    [29]
    Brown P B & Robinson E H. Nutrient concentrations of catfish fecesand practical diets after immersion in water [J]. Journal of the WorldAquaculture Society,1989,20:245-249
    [30]
    Watanabe T, Takeuchi T, Satoh S & Kiron V. Digestible energy:methodological influences and a mode of calculation [J]. FisheriesScience, 1996, 62:288-292
    [31]
    Sales J &Britz P J. Evaluation of different markers to determine apparent nutrient digestibility coefficients of feed ingredients for SouthAfrican abalone ( Haliotis midae L. ) [J]. Aquaculture, 2001,202:113-129
    [32]
    Satoh S, Cho C Y &Watanabe T. Effect of fecal retrieval timing ondigestibility of nutrients in rainbow trout diet with the Guelph andTUF feces collection systems [J]. Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi, 1992,58:1123-1127
    [33]
    Possompes B P. Influence de la température sur les besoins enprotéines, le transit alimentaire et la digestibilitéchez la truite arcenciel ( Salmo gairdneri R. ). Thèse de 3e Cycle, UniversitédeParis VI,1973,70
    [34]
    Hardy R W,Kissil GWM. Trends in aquaculture feeding [J]. FeedMix, 1997,5:31-34
    [35]
    Lee SM. Apparent digestibility coefficients of various feed ingredientsfor juvenile and grower rockfish ( Sebastes schlegeli ) [J]. Aquacul2ture, 2002,207:79-95
    [37]
    Davies SJ,Williamson J, Robinson M, Bateson R I. Practical inclu2sion levels of common animal by-products in complete diets for tilapiaOreochromis mossambicus, Peters, 1989. In: The Current Status ofFish Nutrition in Aquaculture, Proceedings of the Third InternationalSymposiumon Feeding and Nutrition in Fish, Toba, Japan, 28 August21 September, Japan, Takeda M &Watanabe T ( Eds. ),1989,325-332
    [38]
    Millamena O M. Replacement of fish meal by animal by2productmeals in a practical diet for growout culture of grouper Epinepheluscoioides [J]. Aquaculture, 2002,204: 75-84
    [39]
    Yang Y, Xie S Q, Cui Y, Lei W, Zhu X, Yang Y & Yu Y. Effectof replacement of dietary fish meal by meat and bone meal and poultryby-product meal on growth and feed utilization of gibel carp, Carassius auratus gibelio [J]. Aquaculture Nutrition, 2004,10:289-294
    [40]
    Environmental Protection Agency. Pollution as a result of fish cultureactivities. USAEP, EPA2R32732009, Washington, D C, U S A.1973
    [41]
    Xue M &Cui YB. Effect of several feeding stimulants on diet preference by juvenile gibel carp Carassius auratus gibelio, fed diets withor without partial replacement of fish meal by meat and bone meal[J]. Aquaculture,2001,198:281-292
    [42]
    Bolin D W, King R P & Klosterman E W. A simplified method forthe determination of chromic oxide (Cr2O3) when used as an indexsubstance [J]. Science, 1952,116:634-635
    [43]
    Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC) In: OfficialMethods of Analysis, 14thed (Williams S ed). AOAC, Washington.1984
    [44]
    Cho C Y & Kaushik S J. Nutritional energetics in fish: energy andprotein utilisation in rainbow trout ( Salmo gairdneri ) [J]. In: As2pects of Food Production, Consumption and Energy Values. Bourne GH (Eds. ),World Reviewof Nutrition and Dietetics, 1990,61:132-172
    [45]
    Cho C Y, Cowey C B &Watanabe T. Methodological approaches toresearch and development. In: Finfish Nutrition in Asia, Cho C Y,Cowey C B & Watanabe T ( Eds. ),1985,10-80. IDRC, Ottawa,Canada
    [46]
    Brinker A, Koppe W & Rêsch R. Optimised effluent treatment bystabilised trout faeces [J]. Aquaculture, 2005,249:125-144
    [47]
    Hajen W E, Higgs D A, Beaines R M &Dosanjh B S. Digestibilityof various feedstuffs by post2juvenile Chinook salmon ( Oncorhynchustshawytscha) in sea water. 2. Measurement of digestibility [J].Aquaculture, 1993b,112:333-348
    [48]
    De Silva S S &Perera M K. Digestibility of aquatic macrophyte by thecichlid Etroplus suratensis (Bloch) with observations on the relativemerits of three indigenous components as markers and daily changes inprotein digestibility [J]. Journal of Fish Biology, 1983,23:675-684
    [49]
    De Silva S S & Perera M K. Digestibility in Sarotherodon niloticusfry: effect of dietary protein level and salinity with further observa2tions on variability in daily digestibility [J]. Aquaculture, 1984,38:293-306
    [50]
    Yang Y. A comparative study on the utilization of meat and bone meal(MBM) and poultry by2product meal (PBM) in oriental river prawn,gibel carp and softshell turtle. Doctor’s thesis, Institute of Hydrobi2ology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China,2004,46-59 (in Chi2nese with English abstract)
    [51]
    Zhou Q C, Tan B P, Mai KS, Liu YJ. Apparent digestibility of selected feed ingredients for juvenile cobia Rachycentron canadum [J].Aquaculture, 2004,241:441-451
    [52]
    Pongmaneerat J, Watanabe T. Nutritive value of protein of feed ingredients for carp Cyprinus carpio [J]. Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi, 1991,57:503-510
    [53]
    Bruce B M & Reigh R C. Apparent digestibility of selected ingredi2ents in red drum ( Sciaenops ocellatus) diets [J]. Aquaculture, 1996,141:233-244
    [54]
    Gaylord T G, Gatlin D M. Determination of digestibility coefficientsof various feedstuffs for red drum ( Sciaenops ocellatus) [J]. Aqua2culture, 1996,139:303-314
    [55]
    McGoogan B B &Reigh R C. Apparent digestibility of selected ingre2dients in red drum ( Sciaenops ocellatus ) diets [J]. Aquaculture,1996,141:233-244
    [56]
    Brunson J F, Romaire R P &Reigh R C. Apparent digestibility of se2lected ingredients in diets for white shrimp Penaeus setiferus L. [J].Aquaculture Nutrition,1997,3: 9-16
    [57]
    Forster I P, Dominy W, Obaldo L & Tacon A GJ. Rendered meatand bone meals as ingredients of diets for shrimp Litopenaeus van2namei (Boone, 1931) [J]. Aquaculture,2003,219:655-670
    [58]
    National Research Council (NRC) Nutrient Requirements of ColdwaterFishes and Shellfishes. National Academy Press, Washington D C.1983,63
    [59]
    Kureshy N, Davis D A & Arnold C R. Partial replacement of fishmeal with meat and bone meal, ashdried poultry by2product meal,and enzyme2digested poultry by2product meal in practical diets for ju2venile red drum [J]. North American Journal of Aquaculture, 2000,62:266-272

Catalog

    Article views (975) PDF downloads (1197) Cited by()
    Related

    /

    DownLoad:  Full-Size Img  PowerPoint
    Return
    Return