基于线粒体控制区的云南澜沧江和海南岛主要水系宽额鳢遗传变异分析
THE ANALYSIS OF GENETIC VARIATION BASED ON MTDNA CONTROL REGION SEQUENCES OF CHANNA GACHUS IN THE LANCANG RIVER IN YUNNAN PROVINCE AND THE MAIN RIVERS IN HAINAN PROVINCE OF CHINA
-
摘要: 为了解中国宽额鳢的遗传背景以更好地保护和开发利用资源,测定了云南澜沧江和海南岛南渡江、万泉河与昌化江等4个水系9个群体74尾宽额鳢线粒体控制区411 bp序列,发现52个变异位点和20个单倍型;在系统树上可分为云南、海南毛阳群体和海南其他群体等3个分支。谱系间Fst为0.786-0.672(P0.01),基因流Nm为0.153-0.244; 74.352%的变异来自谱系间,谱系间分化时间为2.070-0.350 Ma。推测海南与云南宽额鳢分化可能受云贵高原隆起和海南岛与陆地分离等地质事件影响;海南2个谱系的形成则可能是受到了五指山山脉隆起的影响。云南组群与海南组群间Fst为0.765(P0.01),基因流Nm为0.149, 70.360%的变异来自不同地理组群间,表明云南组群和海南组群间高度分化。相比同区域分布的鱼类,宽额鳢总体的单倍型多样性和核苷酸多样性均较高(Hd=0.9030.016, =0.0360.003),其中海南琼中和石壁群体的核苷酸多样性()最高均为0.008;云南勐腊群体最低为0.000;但各个地理群体均比总体的遗传多样性低,可能是后者由多个谱系叠加所致。在简约性网络图中单倍型呈非典型星状分布,中性检验为非显著负值和核苷酸不配对分析呈现多峰分布,表明宽额鳢群体历史上较为稳定,没有出现显著种群扩张。Abstract: Channa gachus is a tropical and subtropical species of freshwater carnivorous fish, and they have highly ornamental and economic values in original origins. C. gachus usually live in slow-flow rivers, ditches and ponds. As for in China, they mainly inhabit in the Irrawaddy River, the Nujiang River and the Lancang River in Yunnan Province, as well as in some rivers in Hainan Province. Due to the extensive hydraulic construction, river pollution and overfishing, the number of the fish has sharply decreased. To develop effective strategies of protecting its germplasm, it is important to investigate the genetic variance and the structure of the population of this species. Previous studies have focused on the chromosome and the isoenzyme of C. gachus, as well as the phylogenetic relationship between C. gachus and other species in the same genus. However, the genetic backgound of this fish remains obsecure. In the present study, we sequenced 411 bp segments of mitochondrial DNA control regions of 74 C. gachus indi-viduals collected from 9 populations in the Lancang River in Yunnan Province, and the Nandu River, the Wanquan River and the Changhua River in Hainan Province of China. We observed 52 mutations of nucleotide acids and 20 haplotypes. There were 3 haplotypes shared by 5 populations in Hainan Province, whereas all other haplotypes were unique in each population. We observed 3 distinct lineages in the Kimura2-parameter-based Neighbour-Joining tree. One of them was from Yunnan, and the other 2 were from Hainan-one was the Maoyang population from the Changhua River, another was from the Nandu River and the Wanquan River, and the rest two populations were from the Changhua River. The pairwise fixation index Fst was 0.786-0.672, the gene flow was 0.153-0.244, and the inter-clade variation accounted for 74.352% of the total variation. These data indicated a significant genetic differentiation between the 3 clades. The differentiation time of the 3 clades was 2.070-0.350 Ma. The differentiation of the Hainan and Yunnan groups might have been affected by the uplift of Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau and the separation of Hainan Island from Mainland China. Following the isolation from the Maoyang population, the 2 distinct lineages in Hainan Island might be formed under the impact of the uplift of Wuzhi Mountains. Parameters such as the Fst (0.765, P0.01), the gene flow(0.149) and the genetic variation(70.360%) between the Yunnan and Hainan groups indicated a high degree of differentiation. In contrast to the high overall genetic diversity(Hd=0.9030.016, =0.0360.003), the nucleotide diversity within individual populations was much lower. The nucleotide diversity of the Qiongzhong and Shibi populations was the highest(0.008), and the Mengla population had the lowest diversity(0.000). The high overall genetic diversity might result from a mixture of multiple lineages. In the parsimony network of C. gachus, the haplotypes from Yunnan Province were on one side, and the haplotypes from the Maoyan population were in the middle, and the remaining from Hainan Island were on the other side. The distribution of the haplotypes showed an atypical star-shape in the parsimony network diagram. The neutrality tests gave a non-significant negative value. Moreover, the mismatch distribution analysis displayed a multimodal distribution. These results suggested that there was no significant expansion in the population in recent history. Because there are 3 lineages of Chinese C. gachus, we recommended that they should be treated as 3 separate protected units.
-
Keywords:
- Channa gachus /
- Lancang River /
- Hainan Island /
- mtDNA control region /
- Genetic variation
-
-
[1] Chu X L, Chen Y R. Yunnan Fishes:The Second[M]. Beijing:Science Press. 1989, 267-268[褚新洛,陈银瑞.云南鱼类志:下册.北京:科学出版社. 1989, 267-268]
[2] Fisheries Research Institute of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Freshwater Fishes of Guangxi Province[M]. Nanning:Guangxi People's Publishing House. 1981, 225-226[广西壮族自治区水产研究所,中国科学院动物研究所.广西淡水鱼类志.南宁:广西人民出版社. 1981, 225-226]
[3] Fisheries Research Institute of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Freshwater Fishes of Guangxi Province(2nd Edition)[M]. Nanning:Guangxi People's Publishing House. 2006, 493-494[广西壮族自治区水产研究所,中国科学院动物研究所.广西淡水鱼类志(第二版).南宁:广西人民出版社. 2006, 493-494]
[4] Pan J H, Liu C H, Zheng W B. Studies on the fish fauna of the Beijiang River, Guangdong Province[J]. Journal of South China Normal University(Natural Science), 1984, 1:27-40[潘炯华,刘成汉,郑文彪.广东北江鱼类区系研究.华南师范大学学报(自然科学版), 1984, 1:27-40]
[5] Pan J H. Fishery Resources of the Beijiang River in the Pearl River Drainage[M]. Guangzhou:Guangdong Science and Technology Press. 1987, 407[潘炯华.珠江水系北江渔业资源.广州:广东科技出版社. 1987, 407]
[6] Pan J H, Zhong L, Zheng C Y, et al. The Freshwater Fishes of Guangdong Province[M]. Guangzhou:Guangdong Science and Technology Press. 1991, 514-516[潘炯华,钟麟,郑慈英,等.广东淡水鱼类志.广州:广东科技出版社. 1991, 514-516]
[7] Zheng C Y. The Fishes of the Pearl River[M]. Beijing:Science Press. 1989, 368-369[郑慈英.珠江鱼类志.北京:科学出版社. 1989, 368-369]
[8] Li J, Luo J R, Li X H, et al. Investigation of fish resources and analysis of resources decline along Lianjiang River[J]. Freshwater Fisheries, 2007, 37(3):49-53[李捷,罗建仁,李新辉,等.连江鱼类资源现状调查及资源衰退原因分析.淡水渔业, 2007, 37(3):49-53]
[9] Li J, Li X H, Tan X C, et al. Species diversity of fish community of Provincial Xijiang River rare fishes natural reserve in Zhaoqing City, Guangdong Province[J]. Journal of Lake Sciences, 2009, 21(4):556-562[李捷,李新辉,谭细畅,等.广东肇庆西江珍稀鱼类省级自然保护区鱼类多样性.湖泊科学, 2009, 21(4):556-562]
[10] Li G F. The Investigation and Research of Guangdong Freshwater Fish Resources[M]. Beijing:Science Press. 2013, 345-346[李桂峰.广东淡水鱼类资源调查与研究.北京:科学出版社. 2013, 345-346]
[11] Lin X T, Zhang J. Ecology and natural colour images of fish in Dongjiang River[M]. Beijing:China Environmental Science Press. 2013, 135[林小涛,张洁.东江鱼类生态及原色图谱.北京:中国环境出版社. 2013, 135]
[12] Kottelat, M. Fishes of the Nam Theun and Xe Bangfai basins, Laos, with diagnoses of twenty-two new species(Teleostei:Cyprinidae, Balitoridae, Cobitidae, Coiidae and Odontobutidae)[J]. Ichthyologica Exploration Freshwater, 1998, 9(1):1-128
[13] He D M, Feng Y, Hu J M, et al. Southwest China International River Water Resources Utilization and Ecological Protection[M]. Beijing:Science Press. 2007, 180-189[何大明,冯彦,胡金明,等.中国西南国际河流水资源利用与生态保护.北京:科学出版社. 2007, 180-189]
[14] Chen B L, Chen X L. Species diversity and distribution of freshwater fishes at Mt. Yinggeling, Hainan Island, China[J]. Biodiversity Science, 2008, 16(1):44-52[陈辈乐,陈湘粦.海南鹦哥岭地区的鱼类物种多样性与分布特点.生物多样性, 2008, 16(1):44-52]
[15] Avise J C. Phylogeography:The History and Formation of Species[M]. London Harvard University Press. 2000, 9-32
[16] Wang J X, Zhou C W. Studies of the Karyotypes of five species of Channid fish in China[J]. Transactions of Oceanology and Limnology, 1986, 1:47-52[王金星,周才武.我国五种鳢科鱼类的染色体组型研究.海洋与湖沼, 1986, 1:47-52]
[17] Wang J X, Zhou C W. Comparative studies on the lactate dehydrogenase(LDH) and esterase isozymes in snakehead fishes(Channidae) from China[J]. Transactions of Oceanology and Limnology, 1987, 18(1):64-70[王金星,周才武.中国鳢科鱼类的乳酸脱氢酶和酯酶同工酶的比较研究.海洋与湖沼, 1987, 18(1):64-70]
[18] Ajaz A B, Haniffa M A, Divya P R, et al. Molecular characterization of eight Indian Snakehead species(Pisces:Perciformes Channidae) using RAPD markers[J]. Molecular Biology Reports, 2012, 39:4267-4273
[19] Lakra W S, Goswami M, Gopalakrishnan A, et al. Genetic relatedness among fish species of Genus Channa using mitochondrial DNA genes[J]. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology, 2010, 38:1212-1219
[20] Aquaro C F, Greenberg B D. Human mitochondrial DNA variation and evolution:Analysis of nucleotide sequences form seven individuals[J]. Genetics, 1983, 103:287-312
[21] Yue X L, Zhang Q, Zhao S, et al. Genetic variation of red seabream(Pagrus major) in coastal waters of China inferred from mitochondrial DNA control region sequence analysis[J]. Guandong Agricultural Sciences, 2010, 37(2):136-139[乐小亮,章群,赵爽,等.中国近海真鲷遗传变异的线粒体控制区序列分析.广东农业科学, 2010, 37(2):136-139]
[22] Koichiro T, Glen S, Daniel P, et al. MEGA6:Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis version 6.0[J]. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 2013, 30:2725-2729
[23] Librado P, Rozas J. DNASP v5:a software for compre-hensive analysis of DNA Polymorphism data[J]. Bioinfor-matics, 2009, 25:1451-1452
[24] Ramos-Onsins SE, Rozas J. Statistical properties of new neutrality tests against population growth[J]. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 2002, 19:2092-2100
[25] Bandelt H J, Forsrer P R. Median-joining networks for inferring intraspecific phylogenies[J]. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 1999, 16(1):37-48
[26] Excoffier L, Laval G, Schneider S. Arlequin ver. 3.0:An integrated software package for population genetics data analysis[J]. Evolutionary Bioinformatics Online, 2005(1):47-50
[27] Tajima F. Statistical method fortesting the neutral mutation hypothesis by DNA polymorphism[J]. Genetics, 1989, 123(3):585-595
[28] Fu Y X. Statistical tests of neutrality of mutations against population growth, hitchhiking and background selection[J]. Genetics, 1997, 147(2):915-925
[29] Hochachka P W, Mommsen T. Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Fishes:Environmental and Ecological Biochemistry[J]. Elsevier Science, 1993, 2:1-38
[30] The map of China's water distribution[M]. Beijing:Sinomap Press. 1990[中国地图出版社.中国水系分布图.北京:中国地图出版社. 1990]
[31] Wright S. Evolution and the Genetics of Population:Variability within and among Natural Population[M]. Chicago:University of Chicago Press. 1978, 79-103
[32] 中国地图出版社.中国水系挂图[M].北京:中国地图出版社, 2003.
[33] Wang T F. Tectonic events and stress field in quaternary of China[J]. Quaternary Research, 1994,(1):48-55[万天丰.中国第四纪的构造事件与应力场.第四纪研究, 1994,(1):48-55]
[34] Zhang Y M, Xie C F, Fu T A, et al. Tectonic Evolution of Hainan Island[J]. Science Technology and Engineering, 2005, 20(5):1485-1487[张业明,谢才富,付太安,等.海南岛地质构造演化刍论.科学技术与工程, 2005, 20(5):1485-1487]
[35] Hou W. Basic characteristics of crustal evolution in Hainan island, China[J]. Geotectonica and Metallogenia, 1992, 16(2):131-140[侯威.海南岛地壳演化的基本特征.大地构造与成矿学, 1992, 16(2):131-140]
[36] Zou N, Wang Z X, L S Y. The analysis of characteristics of water resources in Lantsang river basin[J]. Yangtze River, 2008, 17:67-70[邹宁,王政祥,吕孙云.澜沧江流域水资源量特性分析.人民长江, 2008, 17:67-70]
[37] Frankhan R. Relationship of genetic variation to population size in wildlife[J]. Cons Biol, 1996, 10(6):1500-1508
[38] Qing N, Qiu C F, Liao W Q, et al. Population genetic variations and phylogeography of Micronoemacheilus pulcher Nichols based on mtDNA control region[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2010, 30(1):0258-0264[庆宁,丘城锋,廖伟群,等.华南沿海西部美丽小条鳅基于线粒体控制区的种群遗传变异及亲缘地理格局.生态学报, 2010, 30(1):0258-0264]
[39] Qing N, LU F Y, Liao W Q, et al. Population genetic variations and phylogeography of Pelteobagrus intermedius[J]. Acta Zoologica Sinica, 2007, 53(5):845-852[庆宁,吕凤义,廖伟群,等.中间黄颡鱼群体遗传变异与亲缘生物地理.动物学报, 2007, 53(5):845-852]
[40] Lin C J, Lin H D, Wang J P, et al. Phylogeography of Hemibarbus labeo(Cyprinidae):secondary contact of ancient lineages of mtDNA[J]. Zoologica Scripta, 2010, 39(1):23-35
[41] Jin J.Genetic structural analysis of Glyptothorax laosensis in Lancang[D]. Wuhan:Huazhong Agricultural University, 2011[金菊.澜沧江老挝纹胸鮡遗传结构分析.武汉:华中农业大学, 2011]
[42] Grant W S, Bowen B W. Shallow population histories in deep evolutionary linages of marine fishes:Insights from sardines and anchovies and lessons for conservation[J]. Journal of Heredity, 1998, 89(5):415-426
[43] Huang Z G, Zhang W Q, Jiang L M. The characteristics of quaternary climate fluctuation in the tropics of China[J]. Geography and Geo-Information Science, 2005, 21(4):65-70[黄镇国,张伟强,江璐明.中国热带第四纪气候波动特征.地理与地理信息科学, 2005, 21(4):65-70]
[44] Loeschcke V, Tomiuk J, Jian S K, et al. Conservation Genetics[M]. Basel:Birkhauser Veriag. 1994, 37-53
-
期刊类型引用(4)
1. 崔同心,刘海洋,张晋,欧密,罗青,费树站,陈昆慈,赵建. 基于单核苷酸多态性标记的7个斑鳢野生群体的遗传结构和遗传多样性分析. 中国水产科学. 2024(07): 829-838 . 百度学术
2. 赵静霞,熊合勇,吴俊颉,金方彭,高海涛,赵承远,雷春云,李光华. 云南澜沧江上游短尾高原鳅遗传多样性分析. 上海海洋大学学报. 2022(01): 52-60 . 百度学术
3. 陈佳琪,李潮,张雯君,李炜,高天扬,赵俊. 海南岛宽额鳢(Channa gachua)群体遗传变异与生物地理过程. 生态学报. 2019(07): 2591-2602 . 百度学术
4. 赵建,梁宏伟,孙博,李伟,朱新平,叶朝阳,上官清,陈昆慈. 基于DNA条码基因的鳢科鱼类系统进化与物种鉴定. 中国水产科学. 2018(04): 793-802 . 百度学术
其他类型引用(4)
计量
- 文章访问数: 1383
- HTML全文浏览量: 0
- PDF下载量: 456
- 被引次数: 8