TEMPORAL AND SPATIAL VARIATION OF CHLOROPHYLL AND THE CORRELATION ANALYSIS WITH ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS IN THE TAIYUAN FENHE WATER RESERVE AREA IN FLOODING SEASON IN 2014
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摘要: 应用主成分分析（PCA）和典范对应分析（CCA）方法，对太原汾河蓄水区的环境因子和浮游植物之间的关系进行分析和探讨。结果表明，太原汾河蓄水区水体叶绿素含量具有一定的时空差异性，变化范围为5.83-181.00 mg/m3，各采样点7月的叶绿素含量整体较高，S8河段（南中环桥-祥云桥）具有最大值181.00 mg/m3，而S1河段（柴村桥下）平均含量仅10.60 mg/m3。叶绿素含量与高锰酸盐指数、化学需氧量、氨氮、总磷、氮磷比及pH相关性显著。PCA分析表明浮游植物生物量、有机物质、氮磷营养盐、水文气象状况以及水体光合作用强度都是影响汾河蓄水区水环境的因素，其中叶绿素、高锰酸盐指数、化学需氧量、总磷的影响更为显著。CCA结果表明蓝藻门、绿藻门、硅藻门植物的空间分布差异小，但相对多度值存在一定的差异，各样点之间以及环境因子的相关性存在不同程度的差异。Abstract: Principal component analysis (PCA) and Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) were used to investigate the relationships between environmental factors and phytoplankton of the Taiyuan Fenhe water reserve area in flooding season. Meanwhile, it studied the temporal and spatial distribution characteristic of chlorophyll concentration and the correlations between chlorophyll and other environmental factors. The results showed that chlorophyll concentration appeared some spatial and temporal difference in the Taiyuan Fenhe water reserve area, ranging from 5.83 to 181.00 mg/m3, and the mean chlorophyll value in July is higher than that of the other three months. The S8 sampling site reached to a maximum value at 181.00 mg/m3, whereas S1 has the lowest level of mean chlorophyll value. Significantly correlation was found between chlorophyll concentration and CODMn, CODCr, NH4+-N, TP, N/P and pH. Principal component analysis indicated that the factors affected the environment of Fenhe water reserve area including phytoplankton biomass, organic matters, nitrogen and phosphorous nutrients, hydrologic and meteorological conditions as well as photosynthesis intensity of water. Chl, CODMn, CODCr, and TP had significant effect among them. Through Canonical correspondence analysis, there was some difference of relative abundance among Cyanophyta, Chlorophyta and Bacillariophyta, but insignificant difference of spatial distribution. It was also revealed that the different correlations between environmental factors and sampling sites.
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图 2 太原汾河蓄水区叶绿素含量时空分布
Figure 2. Temporal and spatial distribution of Chlorophyll concentration in Taiyuan Fenhe water reserve area
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图 3 叶绿素含量与高锰酸盐指数、化学需氧量、总磷、氮磷比的相关关系
Figure 3. Correlations among Chlorophyll, CODMn, CODCr, TP and N/P
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图 4 太原汾河蓄水区丰水期的PCA排序图
Figure 4. PCA ordination chart of the physical and chemical factors of the Taiyuan Fenhe water reserve area in flooding season
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图 5 太原汾河蓄水区丰水期浮游植物细胞密度与环境因子典范对应分析(CCA)排序图
Figure 5. CCA ordination chart of phytoplankton cell density and the environmental factors of the Taiyuan Fenhe water reserve area in flooding season
表 1 叶绿素含量与水体环境因子的相关关系
Table 1 Correlations between Chlorophyll and other environmental factors
环境因子Environmental factors 高锰酸盐指数CODMn 化学需氧量CODCr 水温WT 气温Tair pH 溶解氧DO 总氮TN 氨氮NH4+-N 总磷TP 氮磷比N/P 相关性Correlation 0.735** 0.709** 0.070 0.042 0.180 0.134 0.102 0.307** 0.540** –0.557** 显著性 Significance 0.000 0.000 0.432 0.642 0.042 0.133 0.251 0.000 0.000 0.000 N 128 128 128 128 128 128 128 128 128 128 注: *. 在0.05水平(双侧)上显著相关; **. 在0.01水平(双侧)上显著相关 Note: “*” and “**” denoted that significant differences [* (P＜0.05) and ** (P＜0.01) ] were determined 
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表 2 太原汾河蓄水区丰水期环境因子的主成分分析
Table 2 Principal component analysis (PCA) of the environmental factors of the Taiyuan Fenhe water reserve area in flooding season
6月 June 7月 July 8月 August 9月 September PC1 PC2 PC1 PC2 PC1 PC2 PC1 PC2 Eigenvalue 7.009 2.830 6.573 1.557 6.340 2.203 5.225 3.183 % of variance 63.722 25.731 59.751 14.157 57.639 20.028 47.496 28.934 cumulative % 63.722 89.453 59.751 73.908 57.639 77.666 47.496 76.430 叶绿素 Chl. 0.882 0.295 0.974 -0.064 0.981 0.098 0.933 -0.249 高锰酸盐指数 CODMn 0.930 0.264 0.982 -0.141 0.992 -0.011 0.893 -0.291 化学需氧量 CODCr 0.938 0.243 0.970 -0.196 0.993 -0.067 0.847 -0.362 水温 WT 0.802 0.435 0.741 0.175 0.034 0.983 0.780 0.476 气温 Tair 0.762 0.599 0.698 0.450 -0.025 0.985 0.546 0.092 pH -0.065 0.885 -0.260 0.436 0.360 0.305 0.315 -0.797 溶解氧 DO -0.716 0.573 0.259 0.847 -0.726 0.135 -0.287 -0.520 总氮 TN 0.700 -0.659 0.715 0.175 0.447 -0.103 0.356 0.866 氨氮 NH4+-N 0.820 -0.511 0.719 0.361 0.936 -0.012 0.468 0.848 总磷 TP 0.862 -0.458 0.909 -0.304 0.930 -0.241 0.928 0.166 氮磷比 N/P -0.916 -0.221 -0.834 0.319 -0.897 -0.269 -0.738 0.517
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