ECOLOGICAL FLOW STUDY BASED ON SIMULATION OF SUITABLE HABITAT FOR GYMNODIPLOCHEILUS PACHYCHEILUS IN THE UPPER REACHES OF THE YELLOW RIVER
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摘要:
为进行黄河上游一规划梯级电站的生态流量研究, 选择厚唇裸重唇鱼(Gymnodiptychus pachycheilus)作为指示物种, 考虑到厚唇裸重唇鱼对栖息地流速和水深适宜度, 采用HEC-RAS一维水动力学模型模拟不同来水流量及蓄水水位工况下目标调度河段的水深及流速分布情况。基于水动力模拟的结果, 采用CASiMiR-Fish栖息地模型, 模拟得到目标鱼类在生态调度目标河段栖息地适宜性分布。结合厚唇裸重唇鱼适宜生境面积在不同流量条件下的变化和2002—2022年间研究区域下游唐乃亥水位断面4—6月份的日均流量分布的分析, 结果表明: 当羊曲水库在2710 m生态限制水位运行时, 在厚唇裸重唇鱼主要的繁殖季节(4—6月份), 班多下泄的最小流量应该在50 m3/s, 适宜生态流量范围为50—515 m3/s, 在此流量范围内厚唇裸重唇鱼形成较大面积产卵生境。
Abstract:The study of ecological flow in a planned cascade system in the upper reaches of the Yellow River provides a foundation for developing ecological scheduling schemes. Gymnodiptychus pachycheilus was selected as the indicator species. Considering the habitat suitability of G. pachycheilus in terms of water velocity and depth, the HEC-RAS one-dimensional hydrodynamic model was used to simulate water depth and velocity distribution in the target scheduling reach under various flow and storage conditions. Based on the results of hydrodynamic simulation, CASiMiR-Fish habitat model was applied to assess habitat suitability for the target species within the ecological scheduling reach. Combining the changes in suitable habitat area of G. pachycheilus under different flow conditions and the distribution of the average daily flow from April to June of the downstream Tangnaihai water level section in the study area from 2002 to 2022, the results show that when the Yangqu Reservoir operates at the ecologically restricted water level of 2,710 m, the minimum discharge of 50 m3/s Bando is required during the main breeding season (April-June), with an appropriate ecological discharge range of 50—515 m3/s.
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图 2 厚唇裸重唇鱼流速和水深适宜度曲线
Figure 2. Velocity and depth suitability curve of Gymnocheilus pachycheilus
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图 3 研究河段2710及2715 m水位典型流量下的水深分布
Figure 3. The water depth distribution of typical discharge under 2710 and 2715 m
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图 4 研究河段2710 及2715 m水位典型流量下的流速分布
Figure 4. The velocity distribution of typical discharge under 2710 and 2715 m
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图 5 研究河段2710m及2715m水位典型流量下厚唇裸重唇鱼栖息地适宜性分布
Figure 5. The habitat suitability distribution of Gymnodiplocheilus pachycheilus under 2710 and 2715 m
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图 6 不同工况下厚唇裸重唇鱼适宜栖息地面积(WUA)
Figure 6. Optimum habitat area with thick and bare lips under different working conditions (WUA)
表 1 模拟工况
Table 1 Simulated condition
工况 水位(m) 流量(m3/s) 2710 50、150、200、400、515、600、800、1000、1200、1400、1600、1800、2000、2200、2400、2600 2715 50、150、200、400、515、600、800、1000、1200、1400、1600、1800、2000、2200、2400、2600 
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