10种海洋微藻总脂、中性脂和极性脂的脂肪酸组成
FATTY ACID COMPOSITION OF TOTAL, NEUTRAL AND POLAR LIPIDS OF TEN MARINE MICROALGAE
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摘要: 研究了10种海洋微藻的总脂、中性脂和极性脂的脂肪酸组成特征。海洋微藻的脂肪含量均在15%以上。极性脂一般为海洋微藻的主要脂类,是长链多元不饱和脂肪酸的主要提供者。中性脂含短链脂肪酸较多,为主要的储存脂类。绿藻纲可以将高含量的16:4(n-3)和18:3(n-3)作为化学分类的标记脂肪酸,小球藻和微绿球藻有丰富的20:5(n-3),与绿藻纲显著不同,可能属于大眼藻纲。绿枝藻纲的脂肪酸组成与绿藻纲类似,绿胞藻纲以16:0、18:4(n-3)和20:5(n-3)为主要脂肪酸。脂肪酸组成可用于海洋微藻的分类学研究,并能指导利用海洋微藻生产高度不饱和脂肪酸。Abstract: Ten marine microalgae were examined for their fatty acid compositions of the total、 neutral and polar lipids.Lipids of marine microalgae were extracted by the method of Bligh and Dyer.Total lipid content was determined by gravimetry after lipid extract exapo-ration under reduced pressure.Methyl esters of fatty acid (FAME) were obtained by the method of Carreau and Dubacq and purified with thin-layer chromatography.Then, FAME was performed on a GC 1102 instrument, made in Shanghai, supplied with an electronic integrator.The lipid contents of 10 marine microalgae were more than 15% .The polar lipids usually served as the main lipid and provided mostly polyunsaturated fatty acids.The neutral lipids, containing more short chain fatty acids, were the main deposited lipids.Large amounts of 16:4(n-3) and 18:3(n- 3) might be used as the chemotaxonomic marker of Chlorophyceae.A significant amount of 20: 5 ( n-3 ) in Chlorella and Nannochloris, distinguished Eustimatophyceae from Chlorophyceae.The Prasinophyceae and Chlorophyceae had closely related fatty acid compositions.The major fatty acids of Chloromonadophyceae were 16:0 、1:4(n-3) and 20:5(n-3).The fatty acid compositions can afford the taxonomic classication of marine microalgae, and give the information of polyunsaturated fatty acids produced by marine microalgae.
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Keywords:
- Marine microalgae /
- Fatty acid compositions /
- Neutral lipids /
- Polar lipids /
- Chemotaxonomy.
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