黄颡前驼形线虫发生和成熟的季节动态
SEASONAL CHANGES IN THE OCCURRENCE AND MATURATION OF THE NEMATODE PROCAMALLANUS FULVIDRACONIS IN THE YELLOWHEAD CATFISH PEL TEOBAGRUS FULVIDRACO IN LIANGZI LAKE OF HUBEI PROVINCE,CHINA
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摘要: 报道了寄生于黄颡鱼(Pelteobagrus fulvidraco)胃、肠中的黄颡前驼形线虫(Procamallanus fulvidraconis)的成熟和感染丰度的季节动态。从2001年2月到2002年7月的18个月中,对来自于湖北省梁子湖的900尾黄颡鱼进行了调查,结果表明:该线虫的感染率除在2002年1月比较低(32%)外,其他月份都在90%以上,且没有显著的季节性变化(G=16.9620.05[17]=27.58);平均丰度也是在2002年1月较低(0.46),其他月份都高于6.32,但感染丰度表现出显著的季节性变化(F=12.58>F0.01[17,882]=1.98)。在对黄颡前驼形线虫雌虫成虫的三个阶段(成熟期、怀卵期和怀幼期)和雄虫成虫的季节变化分析中发现:该线虫的生命周期为一周年;处于成熟期的雌虫在2-3月达到高峰,怀卵期雌虫在5-7月达到高峰,怀幼期雌虫则在6-9月达到高峰。因此推测:雌虫从第一期幼虫发育到成熟期(显隐前期)可能需要5-6个月,成熟期到怀卵期需要4-5个月,怀卵期到怀幼期需要1-2个月;第一期幼虫的释放应该在秋季,第三期幼虫的感染主要发生在晚冬和早春。本文还讨论了引起黄颡前驼形线虫在黄颡鱼中高感染率和高感染强度的原因。Abstract: Seasonal dynamics of the occurrence and maturation of Procamallanus fulvidraconis in its definitive host,Pelteobagrus fulvidraco(Richardson), were investigated in Liangzi Lake,Hubei province during February 2001 to July 2002. A total of 900 fish were collected,The results indicated that the prevalence of P. fulvidraconis was higher than 90% in each month with only an exception(32%) in January 2002. No significant difference was found between the prevalence in different months(G=16.9620.05[17]= 27158). Mean abundance of the parasite was more than 6.32 in almost all months,except for a low level of 0.46 in January 2002. Statistical analysis showed that changes in mean abundance of the parasite were significantly seasonal(F=12.58>F0.01[17,882]= 1.98). The adult female P. fulvidraconis was divided into three developmental stages, i.e. mature stage(adult without eggs),ungravid stage(with eggs) and gravid stage(with larvae). The present investigation found that the female in mature stage reached the peak level of infection in February and March,female in ungravid stage had highest level in May to July, and those in gravid stage reached highest level in June to September. Each stage of female and male had one annual peak of infection. In might suggest thatP. fulvidraconis had a yearly cycle. The developmental time of the female in each stage were supposed to be that about 5-6 months from the first-stage larvae to mature stage, 4-5 months from mature to ungravid stage and 1-2 months from ungravid to gravid stage
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