温度对三品系角突臂尾轮虫生活史策略的影响
EFFECTS OF TEMPERATURE ON LIFE HISTORY STRATEGIES OF THREE STRAINS OF BRACHIONUS ANGULARIS GOSSE
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摘要: 应用群体累积培养法,以浓度为6.0×106cells/mL蛋白核小球藻(Chlorella pyrenoidosa)为食物,研究了温度(20℃、2℃和30℃)对青岛、广州与芜湖等品系的角突臂尾轮虫(Brachionus angularis Gosse)的种群增长、个体大小和卵大小的影响.结果表明,温度对各品系轮虫的种群增长率和个体大小等均有显著影响.青岛品系和广州品系轮虫种群增长的最适温度分别为30℃和2℃,芜湖品系轮虫则在30℃下不能生存.青岛品系和广州品系的种群增长率均与温度呈曲线相关,回归方程分别为:Y=0.0009X2-0.0061X+0.4090和Y=-0.0144X2+0.7412X-8.371.各品系轮虫个体大小和卵大小均随温度的升高而呈现出下降趋势.在本研究的温度范围内,广州、青岛和芜湖各品系轮虫个体变异分别达42.90%、14.43%和6.23%;20℃和2℃下芜湖品系分别高出青岛品系达74.91%和87.98%.在温度和品系两因素中,品系对轮虫个体体积有较大的影响.Abstract: Rotifers are valuable live food for larval fish and crustacean. Brachionus angularis is usual specie in fresh water, and is considered to have important status in material cycle and energy transportation in freshwater ecosystem,and applied in aquaculture.Determining optimal conditions for the rotifer population growth in an artificial environment necessitates the study on its life history strategies.The factors that are most likely to influence rotifer life history strategies are genotype (strain),food quality and quantity,and temperature,etc.Effects of strain and temperatrue on the life history strategies of B.angularis were investigated in the present study. By population accumulative culture,with Chlorella pyrenoidosa (at 6.0×106cells/mL)as the rotifer’s food,the effects of temperature on the population growth,body size,and egg size of three different strains of B.angularis, respectively from Qingdao,Guangzhou and Wuhu cities,were studied at 20℃,25℃ and 30℃. The results showed that temperature affected the population growth rate,body size,and egg size significantly.The optimum temperature of population growth of QD strain was 30℃,and that of GZ strain was 25℃;WH strain had 100%mortality at 30℃.The relationships between temperature and population growth rate of both QD and GZ strain were curvilinear:Y=0.0009X2-0.0061X+0.4090;Y=-0.0144X2+0.7412X-8.3751.Rotifer of GZ strain got its maximum population growth rate (1.1627d-1 )at the temperature 25.74℃. Both body size and egg size tended to decrease with the increasing temperature.In our experimental temperature range,the variation of body size was 42.90%in GZ strain,14.43%in QD strain,and 6.23%in WH strain. Strain also affected the body and egg size of rotifer significantly. Among the three strains,the body size of WH strain was the largest,and that of QD strain was the smallest. At 20℃and 25℃,the body size of WH strain was 74.91%and 87.98%larger than QD strain,respectively. Egg size tended to be smaller with the increasing temperature,and the variance between 20℃ and 30℃ of GZ strain was 22.50%.But the relative egg size tended to be larger with the increasing temperature.At 20℃and 25℃,WH strain had the largest egg size,but the relative egg size of WH strain was the smallest among the three strains.Egg size of QD strain was significantly smaller than GZ strain at both 20℃ and 25℃,and the variance of egg size between QD strain and WH strain was 44.01%and 37.49% at 20℃ and 25℃,respectively. Strain had a more important effect on the rotifer’s body and egg size than temperature.
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Keywords:
- Brachionus angularis /
- Strain /
- Temperature /
- Population growth rate /
- Body size /
- Egg size
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F.Mathods for study on freshwater plankton[M].Beijing:Science Press,1991,364-367[章宗涉,黄祥飞.淡水浮游生物研究方法.北京:科学出版社,1991,364-367][14] Ahlstrom E H.A revision of the rotatorian genera Brachionus and Platyias with description of one new species and two new varieties[J].Bull.Am.Mus.Nat.Hist.,1940,77:143-184[15] Ito S, Sakamoto H,Hori M,Hirayama K.Morphological characteristics and suitable temperature for the growth of several strains of the rotifer,Brachionus plicatilis[J].Bull.Fac.Fish.Nagasaki Univ.,1981,51:9-16[16] Fukusho K.,Robin J H.Strain and size of the rotifer,Brachionus plicatilis,cultured in Southeast Asian countries[J].Bull.Natl.Res.Inst.Aquaculture,1982,3:107-109 Sarma S S S,Rao T R.Effect of food level on body size and egg size in a growing population of the rotifer Brachionus patulus Muller[J].Arch.Hydrobiol.,1987,111:245-253[2] Xi Y L,Huang X F.Effect of food supply in both food quality and quantity on the population dynamics of Brachionus urceolaris [J].Acta Hydrobiology Sinica,1999,23:227-234.[席贻龙,黄祥飞.食物种类和浓度对壶状臂尾轮虫实验种群动态的影响.水生生物学报,1999,23(3):227-233][3] Galkovskaja G A.Planktonic rotifers and temperature[J].Hydrobiologia,1987,147:307-317[4] Awaiss A,Kestemont P.An investigation into the mass production of the freshwater rotifer Brachionus calyciflorus Pallas.2.Influence of temperature on the population dynamics[J].Aquaculture,1992,105:337-344[5] Xi Y L,Huang X F.Effect of temperature on the experimental population dynamics of Brachionus urceolaris[J].Oceanologia et Limnologia Sinica,2000,31(1):23-27(in Chinese)[席贻龙,黄祥飞.温度对壶状臂尾轮虫实验种群动态的影响.海洋与湖沼,2000,31(1):23-28][6] Fukusho K,Iwamoto H.Cyclomorphosis in size of the cultured rotifer Brachionus plicatilis[J].Bull.Natl.Res.Inst.Aquaculture,1980,1:29-37[7] Snell T W,Carrillo K.Body size variation among strains of the rotifers Brachionus plicatilis[J].Aquaculture,1984,73:359-367[8] Halbach U.Die Ursachen des Temporal variation Von Brachionus calyciflorus Pallas(Rotatoria)[J].Oecologia,1970,4:262-318[9] Pourriot R.Rapports entre la temperature,la faille des adultes,la longueuer desoeufs et taux de developpement embryonnaire chez Bra-chionus calyciflorus Pallas(Rotatoria)[J].Ann.Hydrobiol.,1973,4(1):103-115[10] Yufera M.Morphometric characterization of a small-sized strain of Brachionus plicatilis in culture[J].Aquaculture,1982,27:55-61[11] Xi Y L,Liu G Y,Jin H J.Population growth,body size and egg size of two different strains of Brachionus calyciflorus Pallas(Rotifera)fed different algae[J].Journal of Freshwater Ecology,2002,17(2):185-190[12] Gilbert J J.Mictic female production in rotifer Brachionus calyciflorus[J].J.Exp.Zool.,1963,153:113-124[13] Zhang Z S,Huang X F.Mathods for study on freshwater plankton[M].Beijing:Science Press,1991,364-367[章宗涉,黄祥飞.淡水浮游生物研究方法.北京:科学出版社,1991,364-367][14] Ahlstrom E H.A revision of the rotatorian genera Brachionus and Platyias with description of one new species and two new varieties[J].Bull.Am.Mus.Nat.Hist.,1940,77:143-184[15] Ito S, Sakamoto H,Hori M,Hirayama K.Morphological characteristics and suitable temperature for the growth of several strains of the rotifer,Brachionus plicatilis[J].Bull.Fac.Fish.Nagasaki Univ.,1981,51:9-16[16] Fukusho K.,Robin J H.Strain and size of the rotifer,Brachionus plicatilis,cultured in Southeast Asian countries[J].Bull.Natl.Res.Inst.Aquaculture,1982,3:107-109
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