利用RAPD技术对三种绒螯蟹亲缘关系的研究

STUDIES ON THE RELATIONSHIP OF THREE KINDS OF MITTEN CRABS USING RAPD TECHNIQUE

摘要: 采用RAPD技术结合一定的形态学研究手段,对中华绒螫蟹、日本绒螫蟹及其合浦亚种进行亲缘关系的研究,为三种绒螫蟹的种及亚种分析提供重要资料。三种绒螫蟹的第四步足前节长宽比值,与其分类标本吻合或基本吻合。用一组引物,对每种各10个个体的基因组DNA进行扩增,得到一批特异、可重复的扩增图谱；扩增区带的相似率分析表明,中华绒螫蟹与日本绒螫蟹的亲缘关系远,而日本绒螫蟹合浦亚种与日本绒螫蟹近。最后,对文中RAPD分析的取样数量及其鉴别标记的可行性等问题作了讨论。

Abstract: The RAPD technique, together with the method of morphology, was used to study the genetic relationship among three kinds of important mitten crabs:Eriocheir sinensis, E. japonions and E. japonions hepuensis. The ratios of the length to width of the propodus of the fourth leg in the three kinds of mitten crabs were identical or near to those of taxonomic samples. In RAPD amplification for 10 individuals of every kind of mitten crabs, specific, reproducible bands were yielded.The similarities among the three kinds of crabs showed that the relationship between E.sinensis and E. japonicus is the most distant and that of E. japonions hepuensis and E. japonions is the closest. The sample size of RAPD analysis and the feasibility of RAPD marker for Erioccheir differentiation were discussed.