水解鱼蛋白对大菱鲆幼鱼消化率的影响
THE EFFECTS OF FISH PROTEIN HYDROLYSATE ON THE DIGESTIBILITY OF JUVENILE TURBOT (SCOPHTHALMUS MAXIMUS L.)
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摘要: 设计5组等氮等脂等能的饲料， 在室内流水系统进行68d的养殖实验， 探讨高植物蛋白饲料中添加不同分子量水解鱼蛋白对大菱鲆Scophthalmus maximus L.[（16.050.03） g]幼鱼消化能力的影响。分别在高植物蛋白饲料中添加5.4%超滤水解鱼蛋白（UF）、5.5%未经超滤水解鱼蛋白（FPH）、5.5%超滤截留水解鱼蛋白（RF）， 其均占饲料蛋白的10%， 以及不添加水解蛋白（PP）， 以上各组鱼粉含量均为18%， 对照组（FM）鱼粉含量为67.5%。研究结果表明， FM组的大菱鲆特定生长率与UF、FPH及PP组无显著差异（P0.05）； 饲料效率、蛋白质效率和蛋白质沉积率在FM组与UF组无显著差异（P0.05）， 但显著高于FPH、RF及PP组（P0.05）； 饲料干物质和蛋白质消化率在UF、FPH及RF组显著高于PP组（P0.05）， 但显著低于FM组（P0.05）， 在UF组显著高于FPH和RF组（P0.05）； 不同处理对饲料氨基酸和牛磺酸的消化率均产生显著影响（P0.05）， 趋势为FM组最高， 其次为UF组， PP组最低； 半胱氨酸和牛磺酸的消化率在添加水解鱼蛋白的3组（UF、FPH和RF组）和不添加水解鱼蛋白的2组（FM和PP组）呈相反的趋势。上述结果表明， 在高植物蛋白饲料中添加低分子量水解鱼蛋白（UF）， 大菱鲆幼鱼的生长和饲料利用有升高的趋势， 但UF、FPH以及RF都显著提高了大菱鲆对饲料干物质、蛋白质和氨基酸的消化率， 且UF效果优于FPH和RF。此外， 添加不同分子量水解鱼蛋白都降低了牛磺酸的消化率。Abstract: In this study, we investigated whether and how the molecular weight of fish protein hydrolysate in the plant-protein diets would affect the digestive ability of juvenile turbot (Scophthalmus maximus L). The 68-day experi-ments were conducted on fish with initial weight of (16.050.03) g. Five groups of diets (UF, FPH, RF, PP, and FM) were formulated to be isolipidic, isonitrogenous and isoenergetic. UF (ultrafiltered fish protein hydrolysate), FPH (fish protein hydrolysate) and RF (retentate fish protein hydrolysate) contained 5.4%, 5.5% and 5.5% of protein hydrolysates respectively (10% of total dietary protein). PP contained zero protein hydrolysate. Fish meal consisted of 18% of the diets in UF, FPH, RF, and PP, and it was the sole protein source in the control diet (FM). The special growth rates of fish fed with UF (UF fish), FPH and PP were not significantly different from FM fish (P0.05). There was also no difference in feed efficiency (FE), protein efficiency ratio (PER), or protein productive value (PPV) between UF fish and FM fish (P0.05). However FPH fish, RF fish, and PP fish displayed significantly lower FE, PER and PPV than FM fish did (P0.05). The apparent digestibility coefficients (ADC) for the dry matter and protein of UF, FPH and RF fish were significantly higher than that of PP fish (P0.05), but lower than that of FM fish (P0.05). Between UF, FPH, and RF fish, the ADC for the dry matter and protein of UF was significantly higher than that of the latter two (P0.05). The ADCs for 16 amino acids and taurine could be obviously affected by different dietary treatments (P0.05). For most amino acids the ADC was the highest in FM fish and the lowest in PP fish among all the groups. The ADCs for cysteine and taurine exhibited opposite patterns between the fish protein hydrolysates-containing groups (UF, FPH and RF) and the fish protein hydrolysates-lacking groups (FM and PP). In conclusion, addition of UF and FPH to the high plant pro-tein diets could help increase the growth and feed utilization of the juvenile turbot; the ACD for dry matter, protein, and amino acids could be improved with FPH and UF; compared to FPH and RF, the low molecular weight UF could be more effective to improve the growth. However, it seemed that the fish protein hydrolysate might reduce the ACD for taurine.
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Keywords:
- Turbot /
- Fish protein hydrolysate /
- Growth /
- Feed utilization /
- Apparent digestibility coefficient
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