1997 Vol. 21 No. 4
Open Access
1997, 21(4): 293-298.
Abstract：
Photosynthehc bacterium strain H3 was isolated from microbial mat of evaporation pond in the saltern of Hainan Island. The absorphon spectrum of living cells showed characteristics peaks of bacteriochlorophyll a and the higher peak of carotenoids.Thin-layer chromatography revealed 5 major photosynthetic pigments including 3 carotenoids with absorption maxima at 485 nm and 516nm, 481nm and 510nm, 486tim and 521nm, respectively in acetone. The total carotenoid content is about 0.6% of dry cell weight An easily solubilized carotenoid - contaning protein has been purified, and SDS-PAGE indicated a single polypeptide of MW 11,000 in the orange protein. A bacceriopnaeophytin is also found. Culture conditions such as light and temperature effect on pigment composihons were examined in photosynthetic bacteria.
Photosynthehc bacterium strain H3 was isolated from microbial mat of evaporation pond in the saltern of Hainan Island. The absorphon spectrum of living cells showed characteristics peaks of bacteriochlorophyll a and the higher peak of carotenoids.Thin-layer chromatography revealed 5 major photosynthetic pigments including 3 carotenoids with absorption maxima at 485 nm and 516nm, 481nm and 510nm, 486tim and 521nm, respectively in acetone. The total carotenoid content is about 0.6% of dry cell weight An easily solubilized carotenoid - contaning protein has been purified, and SDS-PAGE indicated a single polypeptide of MW 11,000 in the orange protein. A bacceriopnaeophytin is also found. Culture conditions such as light and temperature effect on pigment composihons were examined in photosynthetic bacteria.
Open Access
Abstract：
Contents of moisture, crude protein, lipid and crude ash were analysed in different parts of muscle, carapace, calipesh and fatty block of juvenile Chinese soft-shelled turtle (weight: 11.5- 18.0g), one-year old Chinese soft-shelled turtle (weight: 100.0- 125.5g), two-year old Chinese soft-shelled turtle (weight:220.0-263.0g) and three-year old Chinese soft-shelled turtle (weight: 450.0-480.0g), and so was the composition of fatty acids. The contents of crude protein in muscle, calipesh and carapace ranged from 18.33% to 24.74%. The contents of lipid in muscle、 calipash and carapace were fairiy low. The fatty acids in muscle contaned 32.39% highunsaturated fatty acids, among which EPA (C20:5 Eicosapentaenoil acid) was about 7% and DHA (C22:6 Docosaheraenoic acid) about 8% of tatal fatty acids.
Contents of moisture, crude protein, lipid and crude ash were analysed in different parts of muscle, carapace, calipesh and fatty block of juvenile Chinese soft-shelled turtle (weight: 11.5- 18.0g), one-year old Chinese soft-shelled turtle (weight: 100.0- 125.5g), two-year old Chinese soft-shelled turtle (weight:220.0-263.0g) and three-year old Chinese soft-shelled turtle (weight: 450.0-480.0g), and so was the composition of fatty acids. The contents of crude protein in muscle, calipesh and carapace ranged from 18.33% to 24.74%. The contents of lipid in muscle、 calipash and carapace were fairiy low. The fatty acids in muscle contaned 32.39% highunsaturated fatty acids, among which EPA (C20:5 Eicosapentaenoil acid) was about 7% and DHA (C22:6 Docosaheraenoic acid) about 8% of tatal fatty acids.
Open Access
Abstract：
The behavior of the Changjiang finless porpoises, Neophocaena phocaenoides, in a net cirele and pools were recorded and analyzed. Its adaptation time to rearing was related to greatuess of the changes of the environmnt and the population structure. The greater the environment and population structure changed, the slower the adaptation, and vice versa. Mother and offspring or one mature female and one mature male often moved together which was core unit of the school composition.The animals showed cooperation behavior, conflict behavior, and play behavior, etc.Mothers refused to care non-offspring. The animals were afraid of narrow channels.
The behavior of the Changjiang finless porpoises, Neophocaena phocaenoides, in a net cirele and pools were recorded and analyzed. Its adaptation time to rearing was related to greatuess of the changes of the environmnt and the population structure. The greater the environment and population structure changed, the slower the adaptation, and vice versa. Mother and offspring or one mature female and one mature male often moved together which was core unit of the school composition.The animals showed cooperation behavior, conflict behavior, and play behavior, etc.Mothers refused to care non-offspring. The animals were afraid of narrow channels.
Open Access
Abstract：
The present paper embodies 11 species belonging to Chromadorida, Enoplida and Araeolaimida. All of these species are recorded from China for the first time. The genera Achromadora , Ironus, Triplina, Cylindrolaimus and Paraplectonema are are also first reported in the country.
The present paper embodies 11 species belonging to Chromadorida, Enoplida and Araeolaimida. All of these species are recorded from China for the first time. The genera Achromadora , Ironus, Triplina, Cylindrolaimus and Paraplectonema are are also first reported in the country.
Open Access
1997, 21(4): 322-326.
Abstract：
Fluctuations of toxicant concentions in long-term continuous-flow tests are mainly due to malfunction of the toxicant delivery system. Toxican analysis are essential in improving data quality. To reduce toxicant fluctuations, a serial diluter was modified and Masterflex metering pumps which delivered toxicant solution and dilution water were used. The continuous-flow test system with RTMS Which included Masterflex pump, pour-through cell installation, spectrometer and recorder ensured a high accuracy. In a 56-day test, The RTMS provided real-time information on the diluter. The variahon coefficients of toxicant concentration ranged from 2.16% to 6.13%. The successful operation of the system provided technical ensurance for intermediate-term and long-term ecotoxicological test.
Fluctuations of toxicant concentions in long-term continuous-flow tests are mainly due to malfunction of the toxicant delivery system. Toxican analysis are essential in improving data quality. To reduce toxicant fluctuations, a serial diluter was modified and Masterflex metering pumps which delivered toxicant solution and dilution water were used. The continuous-flow test system with RTMS Which included Masterflex pump, pour-through cell installation, spectrometer and recorder ensured a high accuracy. In a 56-day test, The RTMS provided real-time information on the diluter. The variahon coefficients of toxicant concentration ranged from 2.16% to 6.13%. The successful operation of the system provided technical ensurance for intermediate-term and long-term ecotoxicological test.
Open Access
1997, 21(4): 327-333.
Abstract：
This paper reports the histopathological changes of haemorrhagic mouth-opening disease of the eel, Anguilla japonica in China. Hyperaemia and haemorrhage were observed in tissues of the liver, spleen and kidney of the diseased fish. Bone tissues of the diseased fish were infiltrated with leucocytes. Pathological changes were also observed in organelles of the cells in the liver, spleen and kidney. Chronmatin argination , strange necleus, myolin-sheath-like saretures, autophagosomes and autophagolysosomes were observed in blood cells of haemopoietic tissues in the spleen and kidney, of periphery blood. The apoptotic-cell and apopotic-bidt like structures,incteased phogosomes in neighbouring cells were also observed in the cells of the spleen and kidney. Based on the filtration of leucocytes in the bone tissues and the atypia of some satructures in a parts of cells, it is suggested that the haemorrhagic mouth-opening disease of the eel is tending to pathological changes of a cancer.
This paper reports the histopathological changes of haemorrhagic mouth-opening disease of the eel, Anguilla japonica in China. Hyperaemia and haemorrhage were observed in tissues of the liver, spleen and kidney of the diseased fish. Bone tissues of the diseased fish were infiltrated with leucocytes. Pathological changes were also observed in organelles of the cells in the liver, spleen and kidney. Chronmatin argination , strange necleus, myolin-sheath-like saretures, autophagosomes and autophagolysosomes were observed in blood cells of haemopoietic tissues in the spleen and kidney, of periphery blood. The apoptotic-cell and apopotic-bidt like structures,incteased phogosomes in neighbouring cells were also observed in the cells of the spleen and kidney. Based on the filtration of leucocytes in the bone tissues and the atypia of some satructures in a parts of cells, it is suggested that the haemorrhagic mouth-opening disease of the eel is tending to pathological changes of a cancer.
Open Access
Abstract：
This paper reports morphological and ecological studies on Mesocyclops notius Kiefer from a subtropical Chinese lake. Morphological characers of this species from Lake Biandantang were compared with Kiefer's and Van de Velde's studies on Aistralian specimens. In Lake Biandantang, M. notius associated with Thermocyclops taihokuensis Harada and T. brevifucatus Harada, dominated the planktonic Cyclopoida in the spring and the summer, while Cyclops vincinus vincinus Uljanin dominated in the winter.
This paper reports morphological and ecological studies on Mesocyclops notius Kiefer from a subtropical Chinese lake. Morphological characers of this species from Lake Biandantang were compared with Kiefer's and Van de Velde's studies on Aistralian specimens. In Lake Biandantang, M. notius associated with Thermocyclops taihokuensis Harada and T. brevifucatus Harada, dominated the planktonic Cyclopoida in the spring and the summer, while Cyclops vincinus vincinus Uljanin dominated in the winter.
Open Access
1997, 21(4): 341-346.
Abstract：
Studies on the morphology of shell of 1368 Lamprotula fibrosa Heude in Wang Hu lake showed: The number of the front littie spines or the signs of the spines is 3 to 5 and 4 is the most among them. As for the behind one, it is 1 to 4 and 2 is the most among them. The equahon of linear regression between shell length (L) and shell thickness (T) is L = 7.2406T+ 2.4392. The Periostracum is thinnest, the prismatic layer is thicker than the periostracum and while the pearl layer is the thickest in three layer structure of the shell. The colour of the periostracum is brown or blue-black, the prismatic layer is yellow-brown and the pearl layer is clear and bright. The growth rings of L. fibrosa clearly appear on the prismatic layer and the pearl layer. As far as the female L. fibrosa is concemed, the costal ridges of the back of the exterior near the top of shell look slim and delicate and the colour of the back and rear of the prismatic layer looks yellos-brown. As so as male L. fibrosa is goes, the costal ridges of on the whole back look thick and strong and the colour of the back and rear of trhe prismatic layer looks red or red-brown.
Studies on the morphology of shell of 1368 Lamprotula fibrosa Heude in Wang Hu lake showed: The number of the front littie spines or the signs of the spines is 3 to 5 and 4 is the most among them. As for the behind one, it is 1 to 4 and 2 is the most among them. The equahon of linear regression between shell length (L) and shell thickness (T) is L = 7.2406T+ 2.4392. The Periostracum is thinnest, the prismatic layer is thicker than the periostracum and while the pearl layer is the thickest in three layer structure of the shell. The colour of the periostracum is brown or blue-black, the prismatic layer is yellow-brown and the pearl layer is clear and bright. The growth rings of L. fibrosa clearly appear on the prismatic layer and the pearl layer. As far as the female L. fibrosa is concemed, the costal ridges of the back of the exterior near the top of shell look slim and delicate and the colour of the back and rear of the prismatic layer looks yellos-brown. As so as male L. fibrosa is goes, the costal ridges of on the whole back look thick and strong and the colour of the back and rear of trhe prismatic layer looks red or red-brown.
Open Access
1997, 21(4): 347-352.
Abstract：
The alkaline phosphatase from Anodonta woodiana Heude was selectively modified by PMSF DTT, PCMB, NBS, TNBS, SUAN BrAc and IAc, and changes in the activities of the enzyne have been detected. The reachon of AKP with PMSF NBS,TNBS, SUAN and DTT resulted in a strong inhibition of the enzyme activities which decreased with the increase of modifier concentration. The bromoacetic acid, iodoacetic acid and p-chloromercuri-benzoic acid were found without any inhibition effect Studies of inactivation of AKP by chemical modification demostrated that Ser, Lys and Trp residues are indirpensble functional groups of the AKP. Partial disulfide bond are also for the function of this enzyme.
The alkaline phosphatase from Anodonta woodiana Heude was selectively modified by PMSF DTT, PCMB, NBS, TNBS, SUAN BrAc and IAc, and changes in the activities of the enzyne have been detected. The reachon of AKP with PMSF NBS,TNBS, SUAN and DTT resulted in a strong inhibition of the enzyme activities which decreased with the increase of modifier concentration. The bromoacetic acid, iodoacetic acid and p-chloromercuri-benzoic acid were found without any inhibition effect Studies of inactivation of AKP by chemical modification demostrated that Ser, Lys and Trp residues are indirpensble functional groups of the AKP. Partial disulfide bond are also for the function of this enzyme.
Open Access
Abstract：
By using the vertical polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, ten isozymes (-AMY,EST GOT G6PDR IDH LDH, MDR ME POX, SOD) from six different adult tissues (brain , eye, heart, kidney, liver, muscle) of adult black carp (Mylopharyngodon piceus) were studied and the loci and phenotypes of the ten isozymes were analysed. The results showed that the -AMY, EST, IDK LDH, MDR ME POX, SOD and G6PDH electroporesis pattern had a specific tissue distribution while the GOT had not. The physiological significance was disscussed in relation to the extersive tissue-specific distribution of the isozymes.
By using the vertical polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, ten isozymes (-AMY,EST GOT G6PDR IDH LDH, MDR ME POX, SOD) from six different adult tissues (brain , eye, heart, kidney, liver, muscle) of adult black carp (Mylopharyngodon piceus) were studied and the loci and phenotypes of the ten isozymes were analysed. The results showed that the -AMY, EST, IDK LDH, MDR ME POX, SOD and G6PDH electroporesis pattern had a specific tissue distribution while the GOT had not. The physiological significance was disscussed in relation to the extersive tissue-specific distribution of the isozymes.
Open Access
Abstract：
By using immunocytochemical technique of streptavidin labelled peroxidase,calcitonin immunoreactive cells in the digestive tract mucosa of mandarinfish(Siniperca chuatsi), largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides), nile tilapia (Tilapia nilotica),freshwater pomfret (Colossoma brachypomum), oriental sheatfish (Silurus asotus),yellow catfish (Pelteobagrus fulvidraco),ricefield eel (Monopterus albus) and northern snakehead (Channa argus) were located and compared morphologically. Results showed that calcitonin immunoreactive cells were not found in any part of digestive tract of mandarinfish, nile tilapla and largemouth bass, but could be found in different part of digestive tract of other 5 species of stomach-containing telosts. Positive reaction of calcitonin immunoreactive cell was found in all digestive tract of yellow catfish. No Posihve reaction was found in the intestine of ricefield eel and northern snakehead; but positive cells were found in their stomach and in the oesophagus of ricefield eel. Positive cells were seen in all part of digestive tract except oesophagus of oriental sheatfish. Positive cells were only seen in the oesophague of freshwater pomfret. In the intestine, most of immunoreactive cells show a long shuttle-shaped,expanded cell body, nucleus show vacuole-like, and there are two opposite cytoplasmic processes extending to the gut lumen and the basement membrane respectively. In the stomach, calcitonin immunoreactive cells show a short shuttle-shaped when they locate among the epithelial cells space; their shape is more thich and short, having a small and short cytoplasmic processe, showing often irregular in shape; they locate along the edge of gastric fundus gland.
By using immunocytochemical technique of streptavidin labelled peroxidase,calcitonin immunoreactive cells in the digestive tract mucosa of mandarinfish(Siniperca chuatsi), largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides), nile tilapia (Tilapia nilotica),freshwater pomfret (Colossoma brachypomum), oriental sheatfish (Silurus asotus),yellow catfish (Pelteobagrus fulvidraco),ricefield eel (Monopterus albus) and northern snakehead (Channa argus) were located and compared morphologically. Results showed that calcitonin immunoreactive cells were not found in any part of digestive tract of mandarinfish, nile tilapla and largemouth bass, but could be found in different part of digestive tract of other 5 species of stomach-containing telosts. Positive reaction of calcitonin immunoreactive cell was found in all digestive tract of yellow catfish. No Posihve reaction was found in the intestine of ricefield eel and northern snakehead; but positive cells were found in their stomach and in the oesophagus of ricefield eel. Positive cells were seen in all part of digestive tract except oesophagus of oriental sheatfish. Positive cells were only seen in the oesophague of freshwater pomfret. In the intestine, most of immunoreactive cells show a long shuttle-shaped,expanded cell body, nucleus show vacuole-like, and there are two opposite cytoplasmic processes extending to the gut lumen and the basement membrane respectively. In the stomach, calcitonin immunoreactive cells show a short shuttle-shaped when they locate among the epithelial cells space; their shape is more thich and short, having a small and short cytoplasmic processe, showing often irregular in shape; they locate along the edge of gastric fundus gland.
Open Access
1997, 21(4): 365-374.
Open Access
1997, 21(4): 375-378.
Open Access
1997, 21(4): 379-383.
Open Access
