麦瑞加拉鲮幼鱼对12种原料表观消化率的比较研究

COMPARATIVE RESEARCH ON APPARENT DIGESTIBILITY OF TWELVE INGREDIENTS FOR JUVENILE CIRRHINUS MRIGALA

    摘要
  • 摘要: 试验以麦瑞加拉鲮（Cirrhinus mrigala）幼鱼（3.88±0.06）g为试验对象，研究其对国产鱼粉、白鱼粉、花生粕、白酒糟、鸡肉粉、米糠、棉粕、菜粕、豆粕、玉米蛋白粉、玉米酒糟和羽毛粉的干物质、粗蛋白、粗脂肪、总能、磷、钙、镁、锌、铜、铁和锰的表观消化率。结果表明：12种试验原料的干物质、粗蛋白质、粗脂肪、总能、磷、钙、镁、锌、铜、铁和锰的表观消化率范围分别为24.93%-85.68%、50.02%-97.40%、51.89%-94.02%、39.18%-96.39%、9.72%-87.37%、3.47%-25.92%、26.11%-88.25%、12.63%-66.35%、41.33%-104.86%、10.69%-91.84%、4.42%-85.49%。其中包括干物质、粗蛋白和总能在内的主要营养物质的表观消化率以国产鱼粉和白鱼粉最高。除鱼粉外的其他原料中，干物质以花生粕、豆粕和玉米蛋白粉最高；粗蛋白以花生粕最高；粗脂肪以米糠和花生粕最高；总能以花生粕和鸡肉粉最高；白酒糟的干物质、粗蛋白、粗脂肪、总能的消化率最低。在矿物质元素表观消化率中，羽毛粉的磷、铜、铁和锰的表观消化率最高；米糠的锌表观消化率最高；钙的表观消化率以白鱼粉、豆粕和羽毛粉最高；镁的表观消化率以豆粕、羽毛粉和玉米酒糟最高；鸡肉粉的磷、钙、镁和铁表观消化率最低；花生粕和棉粕中锌的表观消化率最低；菜粕中铜的表观消化率最低；白酒糟中锰的表观消化率最低。因此，花生粕、豆粕和玉米蛋白粉是麦瑞加拉鲮幼鱼配合饲料中较优质的蛋白源，可进一步开发用于适量替代饲料中的鱼粉；米糠可作为较好的能量饲料；羽毛粉可作为饲料中较好的矿物质元素来源；白酒糟对麦瑞加拉鲮幼鱼而言营养价值最差。

     

    Abstract: Apparent digestibility coefficients of dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), crude lipid (CL), gross energy (GE), P, Ca, Mg, Zn, Cu, Fe and Mn in domestic fish meal (DFM), white fish meal (WFM), peanut meal (PNM), DDGS, chicken meal (CM), rice bran (RB), cottonseed meal (CSM), rapeseed meal (RSM), soybean meal (SBM), corn gluten meal (CGM), corn DDGS (CDDGS) and feather meal (FTM) were determined for juvenile Cirrhinus mrigala (3.88±0.06) g. The results showed that apparent digestibility of dry matter, crude protein, crude lipid, gross energy, P, Ca, Mg, Zn, Cu, Fe and Mn of twelve ingredients were among 24.93%-85.68%, 50.02%-97.40%, 51.89%-94.02%, 39.18%-96.39%, 9.72%-87.37%, 3.47%-25.92%, 26.11%-88.25%, 12.63%-66.35%, 41.33%-104.86%, 10.69%-91.84%, and 4.42%-85.49%, respectively. DFM and WFM had the highest apparent digestibility of dry matter, crude protein and gross energy. In other ingredients except for fish meal, PNM, SBM and CGM had the highest apparent digestibility of dry matter. PNM had the highest apparent digestibility of crude protein. RB and PNM showed the highest apparent digestibility of crude lipid. PNM and CM had the highest apparent digestibility of gross energy. DDGS showed the lowest apparent digestibility of dry matter, crude protein, crude lipid, and gross energy. As for apparent digestibility coefficients of minerals, FTM had the highest apparent digestibility of P, Cu, Fe and Mn. RB had the highest apparent digestibility of Zn. WFM, SBM and FTM had the highest apparent digestibility of Ca. SBM, FTM and CDDGS had the highest apparent digestibility of Mg. CM had the lowest apparent digestibility of P, Ca, Mg and Fe. PNM and CSM had the lowest apparent digestibility of Zn. RSM showed the lowest apparent digestibility of Cu and DDGS had the lowest apparent digestibility of Mn. These results indicate that PNM, SBM and CGM are good protein sources for juvenile C. mrigala to replace fish meal, and that RB could be used as superior energy source, and that FTM could be considered as the potential source of minerals, and that DDGS showed the lowest nutritional value for juvenile C. mrigala among all the selected ingredients.

     

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