嘉陵江下游硅藻群落结构及物种多样性研究
COMMUNITY STRUCTURE AND SPECIES DIVERSITY OF DIATOM IN DOWNSTREAM OF JIALING RIVER
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摘要: 于2006 年11 月, 2007 年2 月、5 月和8 月, 分别采集嘉陵江下游8 个采样点藻类样品, 分析其硅藻群落结构及物种多样性, 并利用物种多样性指数及硅藻商等对水质进行了生物学评价。结果表明: (1)共发现89种硅藻, 硅藻细胞密度变幅为0.57×104—4.51×104 ind/L, 总平均2.31×104 ind/L; 多样性指数值变幅为0.72—3.12, 总平均2.20; 均匀度指数值变幅为0.15—0.52, 总平均0.36; 硅藻商变幅为0.66—9.48, 总平均3.24。(2)硅藻群落结构呈现出季节和水平分布上的变化。在季节变化上, 物种丰富度、细胞密度及多样性指数等以温度较低的春(5 月)、秋(11 月)两季最高, 而以夏季(8 月)最低。在水平分布上, 从上游到下游, 硅藻群落结构呈现出物种丰富度、多样性指数值逐渐减小, 而细胞密度和硅藻商逐渐增加的趋势。(3)嘉陵江下游水质总体为β-中污水体。其中位于城市上游的云门、沙溪、温塘峡、井口水质较好, 为微污或β-中污水体, 而位于城区及下游的合川、毛背沱、磁器口和朝天门水质较差, 为α-中污或污染水体。Abstract: To study the community structure and species diversity of diatom in downstream of Jialing River, 8 diatom samples were collected according to normal methods, in October, 2006, February, May, and December, 2007, respectively. Diatom species numbers, cell density, diversity index, evenness index and diatom quotient were studied as well as water quality was analysed according to diversity index and diatom quotient. The results showed that: (1) 89 taxa, which belonged to 2 class, 11 family and 22 genera, were observed (including variety and form). Pennatae diatom species richness were higher than that of centriate diatom; The cell densities of diatom was in the range of 0.57×104—4.51×104 ind/L with the mean value of 2.3×104ind/L; The diversity index was in the range of 0.72—3.12 with the mean value of 2.20; The evenness index was in the range of 0.15—0.52 with the mean value of 0.36; The diatom quotient was in the range of 0.66—9.48 with the mean value of 3.24. Compared with Daning River, Han River, Yangtze River, and so on, diatom community structure in downstream of Jialing River took on higher species richness and diversity and lower cell density. (2) The diatom community structure took on noticeable seasonal and horizontal distribution distinction. To seasonal change, Spring (Feb., 2008) and Autumn (May, 2008) had higher species richness, cell densities, diversity indices than those in Summer (Aug., 2008). To horizontal distribution change, from upstream to downstream, the diatom species richness and diversity indices declined gradually, however, cell densities and diatom quotient increased gradually. (3) The water quality in downstream of Jialing River belonged to β-mesosaprobic Zone totally. The water quality of the sampling sites in upstream city was better than those in downstream city. The water quality of YM, SX, WTX and JK was better, which belonged to β-mesosaprobic Zone or Oligosaprobid Zone; Those of HC, MBT, CQK and CTM belonged to α-mesosaprobic Zone or Polysaprobic Zone.
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Keywords:
- Downstream of Jialing River /
- Diatom /
- Community structure /
- Species diversity
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