饥饿对太平洋鲑生长、机体组成及血浆相关生化指标变化研究
THE EFFECTS OF STARVATION ON GROWTH, PROXIMATE COMPOSITION AND BIOCHEMICAL INDEX OF PLASMA OF PACIFIC SALMON (ONCORHYNCHUS SPP.)
-
摘要: 实验研究了太平洋鲑鱼(Oncorhynchus spp.)经8-32d饥饿后对其生长、体组成与血浆生化指标变化的影响。90尾初始重约为217g的太平洋鲑鱼放养于0.25m3的水族箱中0-32d,水温为(17.0±2.9)℃。实验分5组,分别为对照组(饥饿0d)、实验1组(饥饿8d)、实验2组(饥饿16d)、实验3组(饥饿24d)、实验4组(饥饿32d)。每组3个平行,每箱6尾鱼。结果表明:饥饿期间,太平洋鲑鱼存活率均为100%,相对体重损失率与饥饿时间直线回归方程为y=0.0086x(R2=0.9177),呈显著的正相关(P0.05);肠系膜脂肪是太平洋鲑鱼最主要的能量来源,与饥饿时间呈显著的负相关(P0.05),其直线回归方程y=-0.0719x±4.11(R2=0.9732);饥饿初期太平洋鲑鱼主要消耗肝脏糖原和脂肪、部分肠系膜脂肪和少许肌肉中脂肪维持生命活动,能耗较低;饥饿后期主要以消耗肠系膜脂肪、部分肌肉脂肪和少量蛋白质维持生命活动,能耗较高;血浆中脂肪分解酶和白蛋白无显著变化(P0.05),胆固醇、甘油三酯和高低密度脂蛋白有显著波动(P0.05),表明脂肪代谢活跃,免疫功能未受明显影响。研究表明太平洋鲑鱼能够有效地利用体内储存的脂肪,对饥饿的耐受能力较强。Abstract: This experiment was conducted to determine the effects of starvation on growth, proximate composition and the biochemical index of plasma of Pacific Salmon (Oncorhynchus spp.). 90 Pacific Salmon with an average weight about 217g were randomly stocked in five-test aquarium (0.25m3), which was starvation from 0 to 32d. The rearing water temperature was 17.0±2.9 . 18 fish (six fish from each triplicate aquarium) ℃ were sampled at 0, 8, 16, 24 and 32d of each starvation group, respectively. The experiment indicated that no mortality or physical abnormal sign was observed in any test group throughout the experiment. Starvation for 32d, the weight was decreased by 7.50% and the relative loss rate of weight was 0.175% on average. At the same time, the relative loss rate of weight and the starvation time had the positive correlation (P 0.05). The cholesterol (CH), triglyceride (TG) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) had significant difference among the groups (P < 0.05) and it improved that the metabolic of lipid was active. Pacific salmon had the definitive ability of tolerating starvation relatively better for using the lipid storied in body.
-
Keywords:
- Pacific Salmon /
- Physiology /
- Biochemistry /
- Starvation /
- Growth
-
-
[1] Mersmann H J. Compensatory growth in finishing pigs after feed restriction [J]. J. Anim. Sci., 1987. 64(6): 752-764
[1] [3] Summer J D, Spratt D, Atkinson J Z. Restricted feeding and compensatory growth for broilers [J]. Poultry Sci., 1990, 69: 1855-1861
[2] Greeff J C. The effect of compensatory growth on food intake, growth rate and efficiency of feed utilization in sheep. South-Africa [J]. J. Anim. Sci., 1986. 16(2): 162-168
[2] [4] Bilton H T. The effect of starvation and subsequent feeding on survival and growth of Fulton Channel sockeye salmon fry, Oncorhynchus nerka [J]. J. Fish Res. Bd. Can., 1973, 30(1): 1-5
[3] [5] Weatherley A H, Gill H S. Recovery growth following periods of restricted rations and starvation in rainbow trout, Salmo gairdneri Richardson [J]. J. Fish Biol., 1981, 18(2): 195-208
[4] [6] Mehner T, Wieser W. Energetic and metabolic correlates of starvation in juvenile perch (Perca fluviatilis) [J]. J Fish Biol., 1994. 45(3): 325-333
[5] [7] Zamal H, Ollevier F. Effect of feeding and lack of food on the growth, gross biochemical and fatty acid comosition of juvenile catfish [J]. J. Fish Biol., 1995. 18: 195-208
[6] [8] Dobson S H, Holmes R M. Compensatory growth in the rainbow trout, Salmo gairdneri Richardson [J]. J. Fish. Biol., 1984, 25(5): 649-656
[7] [9] Miglavs I, Jobling M. Effects of feeding regime on food consumption, growth rates and tissue nucleic acid in juvenile Arctic charr, Salvelinus alpinus, with particular respect to compensatory growth [J]. J. Fish Biol., 1989, 34(6): 947-957
[8] [10] Quinton J C, Blake R W. The effect of feed cycling and ration level on the compensatory growth response in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss [J]. J. Fish Biol., 1990, 37(1): 33-41
[9] [11] Kim M K, Lovell R T. Effect of restricted feeding regimens on compensatory weight gain and tissue changes in channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus in ponds [J]. Aquaculture, 1995, 135(2): 285-293
[10] [12] Deng L, Zhang B, Xie X J, et al. The recovery growth in the southern catfish (Silurus meridionalis) following starvation [J]. Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica, 1999, 23(2): 163-167 [邓 利, 张波, 谢小军. 南方鲇饥饿后的恢复生长. 水生生物 学报, 1999, 23(2): 163-167]
[11] [13] Jiang Z Q, Jia Z M, Han Y B, et al. The compensatory growth and its mechanismin of red drum, Sciaenops ocellatus, after food deprivation [J]. Journal of Fisheries of China, 2002, 26(1): 67-72 [姜志强, 贾泽梅, 韩延波, 等. 美国 红鱼饥饿后的补偿生长及机制. 水产学报, 2002, 26(1): 67-72]
[12] [14] Zhang B, Sun Y, Tang Q S. The effects of starvation on growth and biochemical composition in Pagrosomus major [J]. Journal of Fisheries of China, 2000, 20(3): 206-210 [张波, 孙耀, 唐启升. 饥饿对真鲷生长及生化组成的影响. 水产学报, 2000, 24(3): 206-210]
[13] [15] Du Z Y, Liu Y J, Tian L X, et al. Effects of starvation on visceral weight and main biochemical composition of the muscle，liver and serum in the Japanese sea bass (Lateolabrax Lateolabrax japonicus) [J]. Acta Zoologica Sinica, 2003, 49(4): 458-465 [杜震宇, 刘永坚, 田丽霞, 等. 饥饿对鲈肌肉、 肝脏肌肉和血清中主要生化组成的影响.动物学报, 2003, 49(4): 458-465]
[14] [16] Committee on Animal Nutrition Board on Agriculture National Research Council Nutrient Requirements of Fish [M]. National Academy Press. Washington, D.C. 1993, 71
[15] [17] Lin H R. Physiology of fish [M]. Guangzhou: Higher Education Press. 2002, 17-21 [林浩然. 鱼类生理学. 广州: 广 东高等教育出版社. 2002, 17-21]
[16] [18] Wang J Y, Zhu S G, Xu C F. Biochemistry 3rd [M]. Beijing: Higher Education Press. 2002,168-180 [王镜岩, 朱圣庚, 徐长法主编. 生物化学(第3 版). 北京: 高等教育出版社. 2002, 168-180]
计量
- 文章访问数: 1124
- HTML全文浏览量: 0
- PDF下载量: 599
下载: